MOD11 testes, semen p1

name structures of male reproductive system:

testes (male gonads)

accessory glands

reproductive DUCTS

external genitalia

name accessory glands of male reproductive system:

seminal glands, prostate gland and bulbo-urethral gland

name ducts of reproductive system:

epididymis, ductus deferens, urethra

name external genitalia:

scrotum, penis

explain spermatic cords:

paired structures that extend from abdominopelvic cavity and the testes

explain layers of spermatic ducts:

fascia and muscle that encloses ductus deferens, blood vessels, nerves

explain scrotum:

fleshy pouch that encloses the testes

divided by scrotal septum

explain tunica vaginalis:

serous membrane lining scrotal cavity that reduces friction

explain dartos muscle:

layer of smooth muscle in dermis of scrotum that causes wrinkling of scrotal surface

explain cremaster:

skeletal muscle in dermis of scrotum that tenses and pulls testes closer to body during sexual arousal/temperate change

explain temperature regulation of testes:

sperm development requires testes to be 2 degrees lower than rest of body

explain testes activity when temperature increases:

cremastor and dartos muscle relaxes to move testes away from body

explain testes activity when temperature decreases:

cremastor and dartos muscles contract to pull testes closer

explain tunica albuginea:

connective tissues surrounding epididymis

explain seminiferous tubules:

slender tightly coiled tubules in testes

site of sperm production

function of efferent ductules:

transport sperm to epididymis

explain interstitial endocrine cells:

produce androgens (testosterone)

function of reproductive DUCT system:

maturation, storage and transport of sperm

explain epididymis

coiled tubule that is site of sperm storage and maturation

explain head and tail of epididymis:

head: receives sperm from efferent ductules

tail: primary storage of sperm

explain ductus deferens:

begins at epididymis ascends through spermatic cord and curves along urinary bladder

function of ductus deferens:

sperm transport

sperm storage

explain 3 regions of urethra:

prostatic urethra

membraneous urethra

spongy urethra

name functions of accessory glands:

activate sperm

provide nutrients to sperm

propel sperm and fluids along the reproductive tract

how are sperms and fluids propelled along digestive tract:

peristaltic contractions

explain seminal glands:

located on wall of urinary bladder

tubular glands very active in produce semen

how is semen excreted:

seminal vessels empty into ejaculatory duct which empties into prostatic urethra

explain prostate:

smalls round organ below urinary bladder

produces prostatic fluid

explain prostatic fluid:

slightly acidic and rich in enzymes

explain functions of enzymes in prostatic fluid:

prevents sperm coagulation in vagina

what is prostatis:

inflammation of prostate

makes urinating difficult

explain bulbs-urethral glands:

at base of penis

secrete thick, mucus that neutralise urinary acids

explain components of semen:

sperm + seminal fluid

explain healthy sperm:

60% of sperm is swimming

explain components of seminal fluid:

60% seminal glands

30$ from prostate

lss than 5% from bulbo-urethral