key distinctions - Biopsychology

CNS vs PNS

CNS - brain and spinal cord
PNS - nerves outside them

Dorsal vs ventral root

Dorsal - Sensory input
Ventral - motor output

grey vs white matter

grey matter - Neuron cell bodies/cortex
white matter - nuclei vs myelinated axon

Depolarisation vs hyperpolarisation

depolarisation - creating it to be less negative (more positive)
hyperpolarisation - more negative inside the cell

electronic transmission vs action potential

electronic transmission - passive, graded and decaying.
action potential - active, all or nothing and non-decaying.

ionotropic vs metabortopic channels

Ionotropic - direct
metabotropic channels - indirect channel opening

Excitatory vs inhibitory synapse

excitatory - makes a new action potential more likely
inhibitory - making a new action potential less likely

temporal vs spatial summation

temporal - repeated signals over time.

spatial - signals from different synapses

agonist vs antagonist

agonist - mimics/increases neurotransmitters actions
antagonist - blocks/reduces it.

anatomical vs chemical pathways

anatomical - defined by physical route
chemical - neurotransmitter used.