Atomic Structure and the Periodic Table

Periodic Table

A table that organizes all known chemical elements based on their properties and atomic structure.

Dmitri Mendeleev

The chemist who created the first widely recognized periodic table that organized elements by atomic weight and predicted the existence of undiscovered elements.

Valence Electrons

Electrons in the outermost shell of an atom that determine its chemical behavior.

Atomic Radius

The size of an atom, which increases as you move down the periodic table due to the addition of electron shells.

Ionization Energy

The amount of energy required to remove an electron from an atom, which increases as you move up and to the right on the periodic table.

Electromagnetic Attraction

The force that attracts electrons to protons in the nucleus, affecting atomic size and ionization energy.

How does atomic radius change in the periodic table?

It increases down the table and decreases across a period from left to right.

What is the trend for ionization energy across the periodic table?

Ionization energy increases as you move up the table and to the right.

What is the relationship between atomic size and ionization energy?

As atomic size increases, ionization energy decreases due to the weaker attraction between the nucleus and the outermost electrons.

Francium vs Helium in terms of ionization

Francium, with a larger atomic size and weaker electron attraction, has lower ionization energy compared to Helium, which has a stronger attraction and requires more energy to ionize.