German Language Basics: Countries, School Items, Colors, and Verbs

Vocabulary flashcards covering German introductory grammar, countries and languages, possessive determiners, school supplies, classroom vocabulary, colors, common adjectives, and the conjugation of the verb arbeiten.

aus

A German preposition meaning "from" (e.g., used to express origin: "Ich komme aus…").

Ich komme aus… / Ich spreche…

Core sentence patterns for introducing origin and language: "Ich komme aus [Land]" (I come from [Country]) and "Ich spreche [Sprache]" (I speak [Language]).

die Schweiz / der Iran

Countries that require a definite article when expressing origin with "aus", changing in the dative to "aus der Schweiz" (from Switzerland) and "aus dem Iran" (from Iran).

mein / -e

The German possessive pronoun corresponding to "ich" (I), meaning "my".

dein / -e

The German possessive pronoun corresponding to "du" (you), meaning "your".

ihr / -e

The German possessive pronoun corresponding to "sie" (she), meaning "her".

sein / -e

The German possessive pronoun corresponding to "er" (he), meaning "his".

der Minenstift

Mechanical pencil (noted in Turkish as "uçlu kalem").

der Spitzer

Pencil sharpener (noted in Turkish as "kalemtıraş").

das Lineal

Ruler (noted in Turkish as "cetvel").

der Bleistift

Graphite pencil (noted in Turkish as "kurşun kalem").

der Zirkel

Drawing compass (noted in Turkish as "pergel").

der Kugelschreiber / Kuli

Ballpoint pen (noted in Turkish as "tükenmez kalem").

der Füller

Fountain pen (noted in Turkish as "dolma kalem").

das Mäppchen

Pencil case (noted in Turkish as "kalem kutu").

das Wörterbuch

Dictionary (noted in Turkish as "sözlük").

die Pinnwand

Pinboard or cork bulletin board (noted in Turkish as "mantar pano").

der Tafelwischer

Board eraser for the classroom board (noted in Turkish as "tahta silgisi").

der Bücherschrank

Bookcase or bookshelf unit (noted in Turkish as "kitaplık").

der Papierkorb

Wastepaper basket or trash can (noted in Turkish as "çöp").

die Landkarte

Geographic map (noted in Turkish as "harita").

hell / dunkel

Color tone modifiers in German meaning "light" (açık) and "dark" (koyu).

bunt

A German adjective meaning colorful or multi-colored.

neu / alt

German antonym pair meaning "new" (yeni) and "old" (eski).

klein / groß

German antonym pair meaning "small" (küçük) and "big" (büyük).

dünn / dick

German antonym pair meaning "thin" (ince) and "thick" (kalın).

nur

A German adverb meaning "only" (noted in Turkish as "sadece").

arbeiten

German verb meaning "to work"; conjugated as: ich arbeite, du arbeitest, er/sie/es arbeitet, wir arbeiten, ihr arbeitet, Sie/sie arbeiten.