SA tech skills Test 3

what is the crown of the tooth

the portion of the tooth we see when we look in the mouth
above the gum

what is the cervical portion of the teeth

where the crown meets the gum (neck)

what is the root of the tooth

the portion of the tooth that is found in the bone of the maxilla and mandible
below the gum

Triadan numbering system

right maxillary: 1
left maxillary: 2
left mandibular: 3
right mandibular: 4

which teeth in the dog have 3 roots

Maxillary PM4
Maxillary M1,2

which teeth in the cat have 3 roots

Maxillary PM4

which organs are affected with periodontal disease

organs with the most blood flow
liver, heart, and kidneys

describe PD 0 of periodontal disease

clinically normal

describe PD 1 of periodontal disease

gingivitis with no attachment loss
1-2 mm sulcus depth greater than normal
visible tartar present
only one that can be reversed

describe PD 2 of periodontal disease

describe PD 3 of periodontal disease

25%-50% attachment loss
moderate periodontitis
8-9 mm sulcus depth in canine
50% loss of periodontal ligament
alveolar bone loss
plaque accumulation
tooth attachment loss
root debridement
gingival curettage
periodontal surgery may be required

describe PD 4 of periodontal disease

> 50% attachment los
advanced periodontitis
sulcus depth > 9mm in canine
>50% loss of periodontal ligament
significant bone loss
severe attachment loss
poor to grave prognosis for tooth retention
often requires extraction

describe normal occulsion

with mouth closed, mandibular canine is distal to maxillary third incisor and medial to maxillary canine
centered between these two teeth without touching

Class I malccolusions

jaw length is correct but one or more teeth are in abnormal positions

Class II malocclusions

mandible is shorter than maxilla. can result in abnormally long maxilla (maxillary prognathism) or abnormally short mandible
(mandibular brachygnathism)

Class III Malocclusion

Maxilla is relatively shorter than mandible
can either be abnormally long maxilla (maxillary prognathism) or abnormally short mandible
(mandibular brachygnathism).

what is crossbite

crossbite can be rostral or caudal with one or more incisors positioned incorrectly, not allowing normal occlusion

Normal Class III Occlusion

maxillary brachygnathism. the upper jaw is shorter than normal relative to the lower jaw. it is also called mandibular meisocculusion.
Breed standard are Boxers, Pugs, and Boston Terriers

What is a scissor bite

the normal occlusion in dogs and cats, upper

what do interceptive orthodontics involve

extraction of persistent deciduous or adult teeth that are interfering with normal occlusions.
the entire deciduous root must be removed for correction to occur

can we use human toothpaste in animals

no. it has artificial sweetener with xylitol and a high concentration of flouride.