Assistive Care Skills for Safe Movement: Ambulation, Transfers, and Positioning

Immobilization

A state in which a person is unable or reluctant to move independently due to various factors.

Pressure injuries

Damage to the skin and underlying tissue caused by prolonged pressure on the skin.

Atrophy

The wasting away or decrease in muscle mass due to lack of movement.

Contracture

A permanent shortening of muscles or joints, often due to immobility.

Venous thromboembolism (VTE)

A condition involving blood clots that can occur in the veins, particularly due to immobility.

Deep vein thrombosis (DVT)

A specific type of VTE that occurs when a blood clot forms in a deep vein, often in the legs.

Atelectasis

Collapse of part or all of a lung, which can occur due to shallow breathing from prolonged immobility.

Constipation

Difficulty in passing stools, often exacerbated by lack of movement.

DVT-prevention supports

Devices and methods used to prevent venous thromboembolism, such as compression stockings.

Repositioning

Changing a patient's position to relieve pressure and prevent skin breakdown.

Range of motion (ROM)

Exercises aimed at maintaining joint flexibility and circulation.

Assistive devices

Equipment like canes, walkers, or wheelchairs that aid in mobility and stability.

Orthotic

An external device that supports or corrects musculoskeletal issues.

Gait belt

A device used to assist a patient during walking or transfers by providing a secure handhold.

Skid-proof footwear

Footwear designed to increase traction and prevent slipping.

Assistive fall procedures

Protocols train staff to safely manage a fall situation involving a patient.

Weight-bearing limits

The maximum weight that a patient can safely support while standing or moving.

Body mechanics

The proper way to move and position the body to prevent injury.

Body alignment

The arrangement of the body parts in a neutral, functional posture.

Bony prominences

Areas where bone is close to the skin and at risk for pressure injuries.

Friction

The resistance that one surface or object encounters when moving over another.

Shear

A force that causes skin layers to slide over one another, often leading to tissue damage.

Anti-tippers

Devices on wheelchairs that prevent the chair from tipping backward.

Patient lifts

Equipment used to safely transfer a patient who cannot move independently.

Cognitive impairment

A decline in mental function, affecting judgment and memory.

Hydration

The process of providing adequate fluids to maintain body functions.

Communication

The act of conveying information, essential for safe patient interactions.

Environmental control

Adjustments made to the surroundings to enhance safety and prevent falls.

Timely response

Prompt action taken to assist a patient, reducing risks associated with urgency.