Ottoman Empire Study guide Part 3

In 1861, the Danubian Principalities of Moldavia and Wallachia united to form Romania. How did the Ottoman Empire respond?

Moldavia and Wallachia united in order to strengthen their autonomy from the Ottoman Empire, so the Empire responded by crushing any oppositional threats in other territories as they couldn’t hold Romania with an iron fist.

How did Serbia continue to impact the Ottoman’s power even after all the Ottoman troops had left the region?

Serbia encourages their neighbors to resist and they do, kicking off little rebellions like little fires that the Empire has to deal with.

How did Russia respond to the growing rebellions in Eastern Europe on 1871?

Why did the Ottoman Empire have to suspend their efforts to improve their Railroad infrastructure in 1873?

What announcement did the Ottoman Empire make in 1875 regarding its debts repayments?

What were the causes of the 1875 rebellions within the European territories of the Ottoman Empire?

What did the March 1976 Manifesto for Muslim Patriots call for?

How did Abdulhamid become Sultan in 1876?

Where did Sultan Abdulhamid stand on reform?

Why did Sultan Abdulhamid allow a constitution to be written in 1876?

In what ways did the constitution protect the Sultan’s unlimited power?

How did Sultan Abdulhamid prevent the new Parliament from gaining any power?

What did the London Protocol of March 13, 1877 propose?

What did Sultan Abdulhamid do regarding Islam during the war against Russia in 1877; why?

What regions or territories did the Ottoman Empire lose due to the 1878 Treaty of Berlin?

How did the 1878 Treaty of Berlin affect the Empire’s population AND how was that significant to the Empire?

What was the Public Debt Administration (established in 1881) and what resulted from it?

What was the key difference AND the key similarity between the two Armenian nationalist groups, the Hunchaks and the Dashnaks?

In 1891, Sultan Abdulhamid formed the Hamidiye. What was the Hamidiye, why was it formed, and what did they do regarding the Armenians?

Why did Britain refuse an Ottoman request to help blockade Crete in February of 1896?

What did the Ottomans give Crete on August 25, 1896?

What action did the Dashnaks take on August 26, 1896,

What action did Russian Armenians take at this point and why?

What led to Greece providing Crete military support in February of 1897?

What did the armistice between Crete, Greece, and the Ottomans bring about?

What was the OVERALL SIGNIFICANCE of the Ottoman Empire’s wars against Arm

What were the Patriotic Alliance’s beliefs and actions?

How did the Sultan respond to the growing threat of the Patriotic Alliance?

What was the goal of the Young Turks when they first started as a secret society in 1889?

What was the main issue dividing the two factions of the Committee of Union and Progress (Young Turks) in 1902?

In 1906, Bahaeddin Sakir created a new faction called the Committee of Progress and Union. What was its aim?

In September of 1906, Mehmed Talaat led the Ottoman Freedom Society. What main group backed Talaat?

In November of 1906, Mustafa Kemal started the Fatherland Movement (Vatan). What main group belonged to the Vatan?

In september of 1907, the CPU and OFS and Vatan merged back into the CUP (Young Turks). What did they hope to accomplish?

What was the ultimatum sent to the Sultan on May 13, 1908?

What did the June 12, 1908, meeting between Tsar Nicholas II and King Edward VII cause the Young Turks to do and why?

In June of 1908, a Mufti discovered a plot led by Major Ahmed Niyazi. What happened as a result?

When Niyazi proclaimed the restoration of the 1876 Consitution, troops were sent to stop him. What happened and why?

On July 23, 1908, Major Enver threatened to attack Constantinople. How did the Sultan respond?

How did the Young Turks do in the 1908 elections for the new Parliament?

What did Bulgaria, Austria-Hungary, and Greece promise the Sultanas Caliph in order to gain more Ottoman land?

What was the view of the 1908 Ottoman protesters regarding women?

What did Parliament’s new constitution establish regarding power in the government?

What type of laws did the Young Turks pass from 1909-1911?

In 1911, Parliament was dissolved, why?

In October of 1912, the Ottomans agreed to the Treaty of Ouchy, What did they agree to and why?

How did the 1913 assassination of Shevket Pasha help the Young Turks gain more power?

How did the Young Turks then appease and increase support from the Arabs?

What was the Ottoman government like as of January of 1914?