HIST 110 - 12 Terms

Altepetl

City-states apart of the Aztec/Mexica in South America

1300 - 1540

Had their own leader, temple, market

Conflict over land

Displayed that earlier South American civilizations practiced autonomy

Anasazi

Ancestral Puebloans, situated in North America

700 - 1300

Known for their pueblos, agriculture and irrigation, and their connection with the Maya

Displayed the rich and advanced culture of the First Peoples of North America

Buyids

Abbasid Caliphate, 750 - 1258

Apart of the Shia group and were the head rulers → didn’t take away the power

Hierarchy of power in early Middle Eastern empires

Danelaw

Modern-day United Kingdom, year 875

Island split between Danish Vikings and the Anglo-Saxon kingdoms

Kingdom of Wessex was the last remaining island w/o Danish control

Vikings = minority rule, Anglo-Saxons took back the island

Wasn’t the end of Viking attempts to conquer the island

Dominicans

Fatimids

Cairo, 909 - 1171

Refers to the Fatimid Caliphate, named after Muhammad’s wife, Fatima

Initially Shi’ites

Founded al-Azhar Mosque and University

Al-Hakim bi-Amr Allah, the sixth Fatimid Caliph of Egypt was apart of this caliphate

Kaaba

Mecca, BCE era

Pilgrimage site for Muslims and even prior to Islam

Was built within a polytheistic society

Is apart of one of the five pillars of Islam

Magna Carta

England, 1215

A great charter written by King John, the son of Eleanor of Aquitaine

Happened b/c nobles and barons weren’t happy with losing French territory

Forced the king to sign the charter → no unjust imprisonment and unlimited taxes

Obsidian

Maya, 200 - 910 CE & Aztec/Mexica, 1300 - 1540

Volcanic glass that could be turned into tools, weapons and arrows

Advancements in weaponry and defense

Santiago

Spain, 11th century

Resting place of James the Great

Not sure which James → apostle to Spain or patron saint of Spain

Pilgrimage site for Christians

Relationship between the Christians and Muslims

Town and Gown

Paris, 1229

Distinction between townspeople and students

Student brawl in taverns → gone out of hand

University of Paris was dissolved by the professors in response

Xibalba

Maya, 200 - 910 CE

The underworld of the Maya religion

Communication with the dead was done in caves → believed to be a portal

Early examples of civilizations attempting to communicate with the afterlife