sheep lameness

Types of footrot

Benign, interdigital dermatitis, scald, virulent

Non foot dz with lameness

Arthritis - joint ill, septic, osteoarthritis

Fractures

m

Neuro

Benign footrot/ scald / interdigital dermatitis - CS

Lame

Interdigital infl + discharge

Crusting

Benign footrot/ scald / interdigital dermatitis - Bact causes (anaerobes)

Dichelobacter nodosus, fusobact necrophorum

Benign footrot/ scald / interdigital dermatitis - Dichelobacter nodosus virulence factors

Fimbrae

Proteases

Benign footrot/ scald / interdigital dermatitis - How can horn end up being damaged

Virulence

Susceptibility

Tx before separation of horn

Virulent footrot vs benign

B - interdigital skin only

V- horn separated

Benign footrot/ scald / interdigital dermatitis - Risk factors

Warm, wet, muddy, housing, gathering, genetics

Benign footrot/ scald / interdigital dermatitis - Tx (before horn damage)

Topical Oxytetracycline spray + dry

Foot bath - formalin, zn sulphate

Systemic long oxytetracycline

Clean feet

Benign footrot/ scald / interdigital dermatitis - Tx with under run horn

Isolate

Inj long AB (Oxytetracycline, amoxicillin, macrolides)

Topical AB/ AS spray

Benign footrot/ scald / interdigital dermatitis - Trimming + and -

+expose to topical, anaerobic exposed

-delay healing, Fomites

Contagious ovine digital dermatitis - CS

Ulcerative/ proliferative lesion starting at coronary band

Under running of hoof wall → sloughing

Contagious ovine digital dermatitis - Grade 1

Coronary band lesion

Contagious ovine digital dermatitis - Grade 2

<50% horn capsule separated

Contagious ovine digital dermatitis - Grade 3

50-100% hoof capsule off

Contagious ovine digital dermatitis - Grade 4

Healing + active lesion present

Contagious ovine digital dermatitis - Grade 5

Healed

Contagious ovine digital dermatitis - effect on bone

Osteolysis

Contagious ovine digital dermatitis - Causes

Treponemes - medium, phagedenis, pedis

Dichelobacter nodosus, fusobact necrophorum

Contagious ovine digital dermatitis - Risk factors

Seaosnal - Aug, sept

Large flock

Lowland, lush

Footrot

Contagious ovine digital dermatitis - Tx

Isolate

AB - long amoxicillin, macrolides

NSAIDs

Remove separated horn tissue

5 point plan for controlling inf food dz

1- vaccine x2/yr (Foot vax)

2- treat lame quickly

3- Biosecurity

4- environmental challenge

5- cull chronic

Footrot vaccine - name

Footvax

Footrot vaccine - Purpose

Tx + prevent footrot

Footrot vaccine - Bact strains

Dichelobatcer nodosus

Footrot vaccine - When to not use

Before shearing + lambing

If had moxidectin 1%

Footrot vaccine - Dosing intervals

1st dose

2nd 4-6w later

Booster every 6mon, post scanning, post shearing

Which long acting AB can be used (repeat until cured)

Footrot - Oxytetracycline

CODD - amoxicillin

Macrolides

How long to isolate new animals for

3-4w

What to do with sheep during quarantine

Foot issue → group AB

Healthy → antiseptic footbath

When to cull lame sheep

2-3 cases

White line dz / Shelly hoof - when is lameness seen

Sensitive laminae affected (impaction, abscesses)

White line dz / Shelly hoof - CS

White line (sole + wall) separation

White line dz / Shelly hoof - Tx

Trim out area of separation

Abscess - trim to release pus

Toe granuloma tx (from over trimming)

IV anaesthesia / LA → cut back granulation tissue, cauterise

Interdigital hyperplasia - cause + tx

Breed + genetics

Clean, AB

Soil balling occurs where so needs cleaning

Interdigital space

Laminitis - CS

Lame on all limbs

Hold limbs together when stood

Warm digits

Digital pulse

Horizontal grooves on hooves

Laminitis - Cause

High energy diet, acute dz

Laminitis - Tx

NSAID

Underlying cause

Pedal joint abscess- cause

Interdigital inf travels to interphalangeal joints + abaxial coronary band

White line abscess

Pedal joint abscess- CS

Lame

Swollen foot

Wide interdigital space

Purulent discharge

Pedal joint abscess- Tx

Flush + AB

Digit amputation

Digit amputation - location

P1 + p2 joint

Digit amputation - Drugs to give

Sed = xylazine

LA = procaine

Digit amputation - Aftercare

Bandages

AB

NSAID

Feet trimming issues with over trimming

Bleeding

Granuloma

Strawberry footrot - casue

Orf, dermatophilus

Strawberry footrot - CS

Scab lesion on dist limbs

Strawberry footrot - Tx

Systemic + topical AB

Dry field

White m disease - cause

Se +_ vit e deficiency

White m disease - Common age

Young, rapidly growing

White m disease - CS

Stiff, don’t move, don’t stand, swollen + painful m

White m disease - Dx

Inc blood glutathione peroxidase

Fracture tx

Casts, confinement, sx

Rickets - cause

Vit D def

Rickets - CS

Swollen joints, angular limb deformities

Inf Arthritis causes

Strept dysgalactaie

Tick pyaemia staph aureus

Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae

Degenerative joint dz common locations (thick, effusion, pain, less movement)

Elbow, tarsal, carpal, stifle