Abd 2 Quiz 2

which of the following conditions is caused by portal hypertension?

splenomegaly

which of the following is NOT an ultrasound finding for chronic hepatitis?

hypoechoic parenchyma

what is another term for the word echinococcal cyst?

hydatid disease

which of the following is NOT an ultrasound presentation of Budd Chiari?

cholecystitis

this patient has no known underlying conditions or symptoms other than RUQ pain due to gallstones. what is this isolated incidental finding on your patient abdominal ultrasound patient?

cavernous hemangioma

what is your diagnosis?

steatosis

Budd-Chiari syndrome is ______

obstruction of the hepatic veins

hepatitis is an inflammation of the liver is caused by ____

virus or toxins

when suspecting liver metastases, which is least likely to be seen?

avascular lesion

which of these are not benign solid neoplasms?

HCC

splenomegaly is a consistent finding in which of the following liver pathologies?

portal hypertension

all of the following are features of portal hypertension EXCEPT?

hepatic artery thrombosis

what is the most likely diagnosis for this patient:

Budd Chiari

the type of cyst caused by a parasitic tapeworm is?

echinococcal cyst

this condition is an inherited disorder usually associated with autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease?

polycystic liver disease

what is the most common predisposing factor for developing hepatocellular carcinoma?

cirrhosis

what is the typical liver echogenicity seen in chronic hepatitis?

hyperechoic, similar to fatty infiltration

which condition is associated with an elevated alpha-fetaprotein?

hepatocellular carcinoma

which of the following is considered the most common benign liver tumor?

cavernous hemangioma

one can image all of the following in a case of end-stage liver disease EXCEPT:

biliary dilation

during an abdominal sonogram, recanalization of the umbilical vein is identified. this may be associated with:

portal hypertension

chronic active hepatitis is a progressive destructive liver disease that eventually leads to:

cirrhosis

describe your incidental finding of this common liver mass that you found on your patient.

what plane is this image taken in?

what is your diagnosis? (short term)

a 5.2 × 6.5cm hyperechoic homogeneous well circumscribed round solid mass seen in the posterior Rt liver lobe along the diaphragm

sagital plane

dx: hemangioma

your 68-year-old male has a history of lymphoma and presents with an elevated AFP.

describe your findings. what is the most likely diagnosis? (short term)

diffuse hypoechoic lesions with posterior enhancement seen throughout the Rt liver lobe parenchyma

dx: hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC)

a patient with a history of alcohol abuse (ETOH) presents with these findings during their abdominal scan. the spleen measures 17cm. describe all of your findings. what is your diagnosis? (short term)

these ultrasound images show a small atrophied nodular liver with ascites, splenomegaly, and gallstones

dx: cirrhosis

a 57-year-old male presents with elevated AST and ALT lab values as well as a fever, abdominal pain. please describe your finding. what is the most likely diagnosis? what is the term for this appearance? (short term)

enlarged Rt liver lobe seen with diffuse internal echoes throughout the parenchyma. this is called the “Starry Sky” appearance

dx: acute hepatitis

this image of the liver correlates with which parasitic process?

schistosomiasis

this incidental finding in a patient referred for GB assessment is most likely? (short term)

dx: hemangioma

this benign liver lesion that presents with a spoke - wheel pattern is associated with what pathology? (short term)

focal nodular hyperplasia (FNH)

metastasis can have varied sonographic appearances?

true

a 66 year old man presents with a history of alcohol abuse and cirrhosis. what is your dx?

HCC

this patient has ____ _____. describe your ultrasound finding. dx? (short term)

anechoic round well defined simple cysts with thin walls and posterior enhancement are seen anteriorly and posteriorly in liver. the larger cyst is seen more anteriorly and the smaller cyst is seen posteriorly.

dx: simple hepatic cysts

in this image of the liver. the patient most likely has which disease?

polycystic liver disease

increase in liver echogenicity, hepatomegaly, increased attenuation, impaired visualization, of intrahepatic vessels, and impaired visualization of diaphragm.

these findings are associated with fatty liver?

true

a 52 year old male with known liver cirrhosis presents for an abdominal ultrasound. you will carefully evaluate the liver to rule out the presence of any focal mass because of which oTRUE statement below?

patients with liver cirrhosis are at increases risk for hepatocellular carcinoma

you are scanning a patient with suspected liver cirrhosis. all of the following are sonographic features of cirrhosis EXCEPT:

shrunken caudate lobe

a patient is referred for a liver ultrasound with the clinical history of raised serum alpha-fetoprotein level. what should you look for?

HCC

a patient is referred for a liver ultrasound with the clinical history of a raised serum alpha-fetoprotein level. what should you look for?

HCC

a patient is referred with right upper quadrant pain and tenderness. patient has a history of oral contraceptive use. a solid, hypoechoic mass is identified in the right lobe of the liver. color doppler reveals hypervascularity surrounding the mass. which of the following scenarios is most likely?

hepatic adenoma

a liver ultrasound on a 49 year old obese male demonstrated diffuse increased echogenicity with a focal hypoechoic area anterior to the portal vein. this most likely represents

fatty metamorphosis of the liver with focal sparing

(short term) don’t know question :((

the first image shows an atrophied liver with nodular borders and ascites, the second image shows splenomegaly and splenic varices (collaterals). the third image shows hepatofugal flow in the portal vein

dx: portal hypertension most likely due to cirrhosis