Comprehensive Study Guide on Occupational Health and Safety Standards, Hazard Management, and Workplace Welfare

Vocabulary flashcards covering core concepts, legal frameworks, accident classifications, first aid procedures, and risk control measures in Occupational Health and Safety (OHS).

Occupational Health and Safety (OHS)

The recognition, assessment, and control of hazards associated with the work environment.

Occupational Health and Safety Standards

A body of standards formulated in 1978 and amended in 1989 to protect workers against injury, sickness, or death through safe and healthful working conditions.

Department of Labor and Employment (DOLE)

The government agency responsible for issuing hazard-specific guidelines, department orders, and implementing rules on occupational health and safety matters.

Health

A sound state of the body and mind of the worker that enables them to perform their job normally, in a state of well-being.

Safe / Safety

The physical or environmental conditions of being protected against failure, breakage, or accident during work or employment.

Work Accident

An unplanned or unexpected occurrence arising out of and in the course of employment that may or may not result in personal injury, property damage, work stoppage, or interference.

Near Miss Incident

An undesired event that, under slightly different circumstances, could have resulted in harm to people, property damage, business disruption, or a combination thereof; also termed a close call, warning, or near hit.

Occupational Injury

Any cut, fracture, sprain, or amputation resulting from a workplace incident.

Occupational Illness

Any abnormal condition or disorder caused by exposure to environmental factors associated with employment.

Loss

An unplanned, preventable waste of any resource, whether through injury, loss of time, damaged product or equipment, or loss of process.

Damage

Physical harm to buildings, structures, equipment, product, process, and the environment normally caused by accidents.

Republic Act 11058

An act signed in 2018 entitled 'An Act Strengthening Compliance with Occupational Safety and Health Standards and Providing Penalties for Violations Thereof.'

Right to Know

The right of workers to be appropriately informed by the employer about all types of hazards in the workplace and be provided access to safety and health training, education, and orientation.

Right to Refuse Unsafe Work

The right of a worker to refuse to work without threat or reprisal from the employer if an imminent danger exists.

Right to Report Accidents

The right of workers to report accidents, dangerous occurrences, and hazards to the employer, DOLE, and concerned agencies free from any form of retaliation.

Right to Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)

The right of workers to receive free-of-charge PPE from the employer for any part of the body exposed to hazardous processes or environments.

Unsafe Acts

Instances when employees do not conform to or depart from an established standard, rule, or policy, often caused by improper attitudes, physical limitations, or lack of knowledge or skills.

Unsafe Conditions

Physical or chemical properties of a material, machine, or environment that could cause injury to people, property damage, or operational disruption.

Struck-Against

An accident where a worker forcefully and unexpectedly strikes against something stationary, such as hitting one's head against a low beam.

Struck-By

An accident where a worker is struck abruptly with force by something that moves, such as falling boxes or a swinging door.

Contact-By

An accident in which an object or agent moves toward the worker, causing injury through nonforceful contact, such as steam burning skin when opening a pot.

Contact-With

An accident where the worker moves toward the agent or object, causing injury through nonforceful contact, such as spilling cleaning chemicals on bare skin.

Caught-In

An accident where a person or part of their body is trapped inside an enclosure or opening, such as falling into an opening in a floor.

Caught-On

An accident where a worker gets caught on a stationary protruding object or has clothing caught on a moving object, causing a fall or pull.

Caught-Between

An accident where a part of the body is caught between a moving object and a stationary object, or between two moving objects.

Fall-to-Below

An accident occurring when a worker falls from above ground or floor level, such as from a ladder, typically causing more severe injuries than a same-level fall.

Overexertion

An accident where a worker sustains injury from excessive physical effort in lifting, pulling, or pushing, maintaining awkward postures, or performing repetitive motions.

Exposure

An injury resulting from contact with unhealthy or unsafe environmental conditions, such as noise, extreme temperatures, poor air, or toxic fumes.

First Aid

Emergency care or treatment administered to an ill or injured person before regular medical aid can be obtained.

Shout-Tap-Shout

A check method recommended by the American Red Cross to assess responsiveness, breathing, and life-threatening conditions within a period of no more than 10 seconds.

Agua Oxinada

The common name for hydrogen peroxide solution, a mild antiseptic used in wound cleansing.

Sphygmomanometer

A medical instrument required in standard first-aid kits used for measuring blood pressure.

Workplace Bullying

Repeated conscious efforts to mentally wound and seriously harm another person through words and actions rather than physical violence; also called psychological harassment or emotional abuse.

Republic Act No. 11313

The Safe Spaces Act, which defines, prohibits, and penalizes gender-based sexual harassment in workplaces, educational institutions, public spaces, and online.

Risk Assessment

The identification of hazards, the likelihood and possible risks of harm occurring, and the preventative measures taken to control those risks.

Walk-Through Survey

A hazard identification method in which a safety professional walks through a worksite and notes observable hazards.

Safety Sampling

A systematic survey procedure undertaken by safety personnel who record their observations of unsafe practices on a sampling document.

Probability (Risk Analysis)

The chance or likelihood that an event will happen and result in harm or loss.

Consequences (Risk Analysis)

The severity of the injury, harm, or loss resulting from an incident, ranging from minor issues like dust in the eye to amputation or death.

Elimination

The risk control measure of completely removing a hazard from the workplace.

Substitution

The risk control measure of replacing equipment or materials with less hazardous alternatives.

Engineering Controls

Modifications of work processes, equipment, and materials to reduce hazard exposure, including ventilation, machine guarding, and equipment design.

Administrative Controls

Changes to work practices, policies, procedures, training, and rules designed to protect individuals from workplace hazards.

Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)

Clothing, helmets, goggles, and devices worn by individuals to shield them from specific workplace hazards.