😘 Joint classification structural and functional + movement 😘

Coronal suture

Structural: fibrous suture

Functional: synarthrotic suture

Sagittal suture

Structural: fibrous suture

Functional: synarthrotic suture

lambdoid suture

Structural: fibrous suture

Functional: synarthrotic suture

squamous suture

Structural: fibrous suture

Functional: synarthrotic suture

Aveloar joints

(teeth)

Structural: fibrous gomphoses

Functional: synarthrotic gomphoses

interosseous tibofibular joint

Structural: fibrous syndemoses

Functional: amphiarthrotic syndemoses

interosseous radioulanar joint

Structural: fibrous syndesmoses

Functional: ampiarthrotic syndemoses

costosternal joint of rib 1

Structural: cartilaginous sychondroses

Functional: synarthrotic synchondroses

pubic symphsis

Structural: cartilagnous symphyses

Functional: amphiarthrotic symphyses

intervertevtral disc joints

Structural: cartiloganous symphyses

Functional: ampiarthrotic symphyses

Synarthrotic

type of joint that is immovabe or allows virtually no movement under normal conditions

Syndesmoses

type of fibrous joint where 2 parallel bones are bound together by strong collagen rich connective tissue (ex: radius and ulna)

Amphiarthrotic

only slight or limited movement

Synchondroses

2 bones are entirely joined by hyaline cartilage

Synovial

freely movable

Diarthrotic

freely movable joint

hinge

type of synovial joint that allows motion primarily in one plane

pivot joint

freely movable synovial joint, where a cylinder shaped bone rotates within a ring formed by another bone and an adjoning ligament

saddle joint

type of synovial joint where the opposing bone surfaces are reciprocally concave and convex, interlocking.

plane joint

a type of synovial joint featuring flat or nearly flat bone surfaces that slide past one another

condylar joint

type of biaxial xynovial hoint where an oval-shaped (convex bone surface fits into a complementary elliptical (convave) cavity

ball and socket joint

type of synovial joint where the rounded, ball like surface of one bone fits into the cup like depression of another bone

Tibiofemoral joint

structure:synovial hinge

function: diarthrotic hinge

talocrural joint

structure: synovial hinge

function:diarthrotic hinge

humeroulnar joint

structure: synovial hinge

function:diarthrotic hinge

interphalangeal joints between all 20 digits (proximal and distal)

structure: synovial hinge

function: diarthrotic hinge

pollex interphalangeal joint

structure: synovial hinge

function:diarthrotic hinge

hallux interphalangeal joint

structure: synovial hinge

function: diarthrotic hinge

proximal radioulnar joint

structure: synovial pivot

function: diarthrotic pivot

alantoaxial joint

structure: synovial pivot

function: diarthrotic pivot

trapeziometacarpal joint (carpometacarpal joint of digit 1 pollex)

structure: synovial saddle

function: diarthrotic saddle

sternoclavicular joint

structure: synovial saddle

function: diarthrotic saddle

acromioclavicular joint

structure: synovial plane

function: diarthrotic plane

sacroiliac joint

structure: synovial plane

function: diarthrotic plane

intercarpal joints

structure: synovial plane

function: diarthrotic plane

carpometacarpal joints of digits II-V

structure: synovial plane

function: diarthrotic plane

intertarsal joints

structure: synovial plane

function: diarthrotic plane

costosternal joints of ribs 2-7

structure: synovial plane

function: diarthrotic plane

costochondral joints of ribs 8-10

structure: synovial plane

function: diarthrotic plane

costovertebral joints of ribs 1-12 (all rib articulations w/ vertebrae)

structure: synovial plane

function: diarthrotic plane

intervertebral facet joints (between superior/inferior articular processes of vertebrae)

structure: synovial plane

function: diarthrotic plane

alanto - occipital joint

structure: synovial condylar

function: diarthrotic condylar

radiocarpal (scaphoradial) joint

structure: synovial condylar

function: diarthrotic condylar

temporomandibular joint

structure: synovial condylar

function: diarthrotic condylar

metacarpophalangeal joints I-V

structure: synovial condylar

function: diarthrotic condylar

metatarsalphalangeal joints I-V

structure: synovial condylar

function: diarthrotic condylar

glenohumeral (humeroscapular) joint

structure: syunovial ball and socket

function: diarthrotic ball and socket

coxofemoral (coxal or femoroacetabular) joint

structure: synovial ball and socket

function: diarthrotic ball and socket

hinge joint movement

capable of flexion and extension only

hinge joint movement exception: talocural joint (ankle)

felxion of the foot is called forsiflexion and extensiton/hyperextension is callted plantar flexion

dorsiflexion

felxion of the foot

plantar flexion

extension/hyperextension of the foot

piviot joint movement

only allow for slight gliding movements

plane joint movement exctption: costovertebral joints of ribs 2-10 + sternocostal joints of ribs 2-7

elevate and depress associated ribs

plane joint movement exception: intervertebral joints at articular facets

collevtevly premit medial and lateral rotation, and lateral flexion and extenstion of vertebral column

saddle joint movement

• opposition and reposition of the pollex (thumb)(that only occurs at this joint)

• abduction and adduction of the pollex

• flesion, extension, hyperextension of the pollex

considerations for scapular saddlelplane joint movement: acrpminoclavicular (plane) and sternalclavicular joints (saddle)

collectively permit elevation, depression, protraction, and retraction

condylar joint movement all joints w/ one exception

capable of only flexion, extension, hyperexctension, and circumduction

condylar joint movement exception: temporomandibular joint

unique, allowing also protraction and retraction, elevation and depression, and limited circumduction of the jaw (does not do hyperextension)

ball and socket joint movement

both allow nearly all typical movement

flexion, extension, hyperextension, adduction, abduction, circumduction, lateral and medial rotation

flexion

movement that decreases the angle between 2 body parts or bones at a joint

extension

increases the angle between 2 parts or bones (straightening a joint)(straighting a bent elbow or knee)

abduction

a limb, digit, or structure moving away from the midline of the midline of the body, or the axis of a limb/hand/foot

adduction

where a limb or body part moves towards the midline of the body, or towards the central axis of a specific hand or foot

supine

spatial orientation where the body or specific body part is facing upwards

prone

bodyparts orientation is face down

plane axial classification

nonaxial

saddle axial classification

biaxial

condylar axial classification

biaxial

hinge axial classification

monoaxial

pivot axial classification

monoaxial

ball and socket axial classification

multiaxial