Science

Work

The transfer of energy that occurs when a force causes an object to move over a distance; calculated as $W = F \times d$.

Energy

The ability to cause change and do work

• Measured in Joules

Joules

The standard metric unit used to measure energy and work.

Law of Conservation of Energy

The principle stating that energy cannot be created or destroyed, only transferred from one object to another or converted into different forms.

Gravitational Potential Energy (GPE)

The stored energy an object has due to its elevated position or height above the ground.

Formula: MxGxH

Kinetic Energy (KE)

Energy in the form of motion

• Formula: ½ ( M ) ( V ) 2

Effect of Friction on a Rolling Car

Converts part of the car's mechanical kinetic energy into thermal energy (heat) and sound.

Frame of Reference

A place to which the position of an object or the motion of an object can be described. 

Gravity ($g$)

Acceleration due to gravity

Formula: $9.8\,\text{m/s}^2$.

Renewable Energy

Energy derived from natural resources that replenish constantly and will not run out.

Non-renewable Energy

Energy sourced from finite resources that cannot be replaced at the speed they are consumed.

Speed

Speed is a rate of motion

• Formula: Speed=Distance/Time

Potential energy

Mxgxh is the formula and potential energy is the stored energy