PUBH 2313 Exam 2- Magrans-Courtney

What is Ayurvedic medicine?

A traditional system of medicine originating from India that emphasizes balance in the body's energies (doshas) and the use of natural remedies.

What are the dosha types?

The three primary energies in Ayurvedic medicine: Vata (air and space), Pitta (fire and water), and Kapha (earth and water), which influence an individual's physical and mental characteristics.

What are the main causes of disease in Ayurveda?

Imbalance of the doshas, poor diet, lack of exercise, emotional stress, and environmental factors.

What are the characteristics of Vata types?

Vata types are typically characterized by qualities such as dryness, lightness, coolness, irregularity, and mobility.

What are common Vata disorders?

Common disorders include anxiety, insomnia, constipation, and dry skin.

What is the tongue diagnostic technique?

A method used in Ayurveda to assess a person's health by examining the tongue's color, shape, texture, and coating.

What are rasayana treatments?

Ayurvedic rejuvenation therapies aimed at promoting longevity, vitality, and overall health.

What are dietary supplements?

Products taken orally that contain dietary ingredients intended to supplement the diet, including vitamins, minerals, herbs, and botanicals.

What are common preparations of herbs?

poultices, crude extracts, fomentations, infusions, and tinctures.

What education/licenses are required for Ayurvedic practitioners?

Requirements vary by region but typically include formal education in Ayurvedic medicine and relevant certifications or licenses.

What is acupuncture?

A traditional Chinese medicine practice that involves inserting thin needles into specific points on the body to balance energy flow.

How many people used acupuncture according to a 2012 study?

3,000,500 people

What are the characteristics of acupuncture needles?

typically very thin, sterile, and made of stainless steel, designed for minimal discomfort.

What is the theory of five elements?

A framework in TCM that includes Wood, Fire, Earth, Metal, and Water, each representing different aspects of nature and health.

What are Cochrane reviews?

Systematic reviews of primary research in human health care and policy, providing high-quality evidence to inform decision-making.

Who founded the American School of Naturopathy?

Benedict Lust, who established the school after curing himself of tuberculosis through natural methods.

Who developed homeopathy?

Dr. Samuel Hahnemann, who created homeopathy in 1790 as a system of alternative medicine based on the principle of 'like cures like.'

What is phytotherapy?

The use of plant-derived medications to treat disease and enhance health.

What is DSHEA?

The Dietary Supplement Health and Education Act, which regulates dietary supplements in the United States, requiring labeling of ingredients.

What are essential oils?

Concentrated plant extracts used for therapeutic purposes, often in aromatherapy and holistic treatments.

Who is Rene-Maurice Gattefosse?

The originator of aromatherapy, known for his work in the therapeutic use of essential oils.

Who authored The Practice of Aromatherapy?

Jean Valnet, an army surgeon who utilized essential oils as antiseptics during World War II.

What are the purposes of herbs and botanicals?

used for various purposes including medicinal, culinary, and therapeutic applications, often aimed at promoting health and well-being.

What are some common preparations of herbal remedies?

poultice, crude, fomentation, infusion, tincture, and decoction.

What education/licenses are required for a naturopath?

typically require a degree in naturopathic medicine from an accredited institution and may need to pass licensing exams to practice.

What are the requirements for practitioners registered with the Register of Chinese Herbal Medicine?

Practitioners must meet specific educational and professional standards, including training in Chinese herbal medicine and adherence to ethical practices.

They do NOT prepare and dispense their herbal medicines

How many major meridians exist in the body according to Chinese medicine?

There are 12, which are pathways for the flow of Qi (energy).

What studies are covered by the NCCIH?

conducts studies on the efficacy and safety of complementary and alternative medicine practices, including herbal remedies and acupuncture.

What are biotypes in the context of herbal medicine?

classification of individuals based on their physiological and biochemical characteristics, which can influence their response to herbal treatments.

What are the beliefs of naturopaths?

the body's innate ability to heal itself and emphasize holistic treatment approaches, focusing on prevention and the treatment of underlying causes.

What are the four major body systems involved in naturopathy?

the digestive, endocrine, immune, and nervous systems.

What are the FDA recommendations for supplement users?

Make informed decisions by researching products, checking for third-party testing, and consulting healthcare professionals.

What are the purposes of essential oils?

Used for aromatherapy, topical applications, and in some cases, ingestion for therapeutic benefits, but some oils are not suitable as carrier oils.

What are the processes of making essential oils?

Steam distillation, cold-press extraction, and solvent extraction.

What are Bach Remedies?

System of 38 flower essences developed by Dr. Edward Bach, categorized into three original groups: fear, uncertainty, and loneliness.

What education is required for a naturopathic physician?

Typically requires a Doctor of Naturopathic Medicine (ND) degree from an accredited naturopathic medical school, which includes coursework in basic medical sciences, clinical training, and naturopathic therapies.

What education is required for an acupuncturist?

Usually needs to complete a master's degree in acupuncture or traditional Chinese medicine from an accredited institution, which includes both theoretical and practical training in acupuncture techniques.

What education is required for TCM practitioners?

Typically require a degree in TCM or acupuncture, which includes extensive training in herbal medicine, acupuncture, and other TCM modalities.

What education is required for homeopathy practitioners?

Often need to complete a diploma or degree in homeopathy from an accredited institution, which covers the principles of homeopathic practice, case taking, and remedy selection.

What is the principle of universal cosmos?

the universe contains 5 elements that form the sum and substance of the physical universe and serves as the building blocks of nature.

What does a pale tongue indicate?

Anemic conditions

Low iron

What does white coating on the tongue indicate?

poor digestion

What is a danger of tumeric?

It can make gall bladder disease worse

What is a lower herb?

herb used to attack the organism causing illness and is taken on a short-term basis

What is ginseng?

Chinese herb that helps normalize blood pressure, regulate blood sugar, reduce fatigue, increase oxygen utilization, enhance immune function

What does peony help with?

regulate blood

What does Qi Gong help with?

relieving menstrual pain

Where is arnica derived from?

the daisy

What training is required for acupuncturists?

2,000 to 3,000 hours of training in independently accredited master's program

What licensing is required for homeopathy?

There is no uniform licensing or standards in the United States

What happens when a person is out of balance according to the concept of yin and yang?

They will change proportion and bring themselves back to balance

What does the Cochrane reviews say about acupuncture and carpel tunnel syndrome?

The use of it has been a placebo effect

How many acupuncturists are there with medical degrees?

3,000

What is a mesomorph body type?

naturally athletic, muscular build, broad shoulders, a narrow waist, and a low body fat percentag

What is an endomorph body type?

softer, rounder physique, larger bone structures, a wider waist and hips, and a natural tendency to store body fa

What is an ectomorph body type?

a slender, linear frame, narrow shoulders and hips, a fast metabolism, and a low natural capacity for storing body fat or building heavy muscle mass

What does the future of natropathy?

It is likely to become more prevalent because it is more cost effective

the recommendations of the FDA tips paper titled Tips for the Savvy Supplement User: Making Informed Decisions and Evaluating Information

"Natural" does not mean "safe" and "helpful"

"Natural" is not a regulated term

What oil is not used as a carrier oil?

Tea tree oil

What does cold-press extraction do?

High mechanical pressure to pull the oil out

What is an infused oil?

carrier oil that is mixed with one or more herbs

What are the three original groups of the Bach remedies?

12 Healers

7 Helpers

Second 19

What is poultice?

the preparation of a fresh, dried, ground, or powdered herb that's wrapped in thin cloth and applied to the skin or applied directly to the skin

What are crude herbs?

Herbs that are collected and dried, cut and sifted

What is liniment?

Herb that should be rubbed directly into sore muscles and joints