Criminal Law Book 2 Practice Flashcards

Comprehensive practice flashcards covering definitions, elements, and classifications of crimes under Criminal Law Book 2.

What defines the crime of Infanticide under Criminal Law Book 2?

The killing of an infant younger than $3\,\text{days}$ ($72\,\text{hours}$), whether committed by its own parent, relative, or a stranger.

Who are the designated victims in the crime of Parricide?

One's own father, mother, child (whether legitimate or illegitimate), other legitimate ascendants or descendants, or legitimate spouse.

What key requirement elevates a killing to Murder?

The presence of qualifying circumstances such as treachery (attacking without defense), premeditation, or the use of poison.

How is Homicide defined in Criminal Law Book 2?

The killing of a person with intent to kill, but without any qualifying circumstances of murder, parricide, or infanticide.

What constitutes the crime of Discharge of Firearms?

Firing or shooting a firearm directly at another person without the intent to kill.

What specific circumstances elevate rape to Qualified Rape?

Rape committed using a deadly weapon, committed by two or more persons, committed against a minor by a relative, or resulting in death.

What criteria define Serious Physical Injuries?

Bodily harm resulting in insanity, blindness, loss of a limb, loss of reproductive capacity, or incapacity to work for more than $90\,\text{days}$.

What duration of incapacity or medical care classifies an injury as Less Serious Physical Injuries?

Physical injuries requiring medical attendance or causing work incapacity for $10$ to $30\,\text{days}$.

What duration of incapacity defines Slight Physical Injuries?

Physical injuries requiring medical treatment or causing work incapacity for $1$ to $9\,\text{days}$ only, or not interfering with daily tasks.

What are the essential elements of Theft?

Taking another person's property with intent to gain, without consent, and without violence, intimidation, or force upon things.

What circumstances elevate Theft to Qualified Theft?

Theft committed through grave abuse of confidence, or involving motor vehicles, coconuts from a plantation, or large cattle.

How is Robbery distinguished from Theft?

Robbery involves taking property with intent to gain by using violence, intimidation against persons, or force upon things.

How is Swindling or Estafa committed?

Defrauding another through abuse of confidence, false pretenses, lying, or using fake documents or unfunded checks.

What constitutes the crime of Brigandage?

Forming a group of more than $3$ armed persons for highway robbery or kidnapping for ransom.

What defines Malicious Mischief?

Deliberately damaging another person's property out of anger, revenge, or evil intent, short of arson.

Who commits the crime of Adultery?

A married woman who has sexual intercourse with a man not her husband, and the man who has intercourse with her knowing she is married.

Under what circumstances does a married man commit Concubinage?

By keeping a mistress in the conjugal dwelling, having sexual intercourse under scandalous circumstances, or cohabiting with her elsewhere.

What defines the crime of Qualified Seduction?

Seducing or abusing through deceit a virgin or female over $12$ but under $18\,\text{years}$ of age, committed by an authority figure, teacher, guardian, or relative abusing confidence.

How is Simple Seduction defined?

Seducing a female aged $12$ to $17\,\text{years}$ using a false promise of marriage.

What constitutes Forcible Abduction?

Taking or abducting a woman against her will with lewd designs.

What constitutes Consented Abduction?

Abducting a virgin over $12$ but under $18\,\text{years}$ of age with her consent, carried out with lewd designs.

What constitutes Libel under Criminal Law Book 2?

A public and malicious imputation (via writing, printing, or online post) of a crime, vice, or defect that harms a person's reputation or honor.

How is Slander defined?

Oral defamation involving public and malicious spoken words that lower another person's honor or reputation.

What is an example of Slander by Deed?

An action causing dishonor or shame in front of others, such as slapping someone's face in public to humiliate them.

What defines Kidnapping and Serious Illegal Detention?

Unlawful deprivation of liberty by a private individual lasting more than $3\,\text{days}$, or involving impersonation of authority, or requesting ransom.

What defines Slight Physical Detention?

Unlawful detention or restriction of freedom without the aggravating conditions that would classify it as serious illegal detention.

What constitutes Unlawful Arrest?

Arresting or detaining a person without legal basis or authority, solely to present them to officials.

What defines Grave Threats?

Threatening a person with harm that constitutes a crime against person, honor, or property, whether or not conditions or money are demanded.

What constitutes Light Threats?

Threatening another with harm that does not amount to a crime, or drawing/brandishing a weapon during an argument.

What defines Grave Coercion?

Preventing someone by force or intimidation from doing something allowed by law, or compelling them to do something against their will.

What constitutes Light Coercion?

Seizing property from a debtor using force to pay a debt, or engaging in annoying/irritating behavior without physical harm (unjust vexation).

What defines Direct Bribery?

A public officer accepting a gift, offer, or promise in exchange for committing a crime or an unjust act.

What defines Indirect Bribery?

A public officer accepting a gift by reason of their office or position, without any specific required act in return.

What constitutes Qualified Bribery?

A law enforcement officer accepting a bribe to refrain from arresting a criminal who committed murder or a severe crime punishable by reclusion perpetua or death.