lab practical appendicular skeleton + joints

what bones make up the pelvic girdle?

2 os coxae

why is the pelvic girdle highly stable yet lacks mobility

heavy, secure axial, deep socket attachments, support body weight

female pelvis

• round + wide pelvic inlet

• round angle of pubic arch

• sacrum/coccyx is straighter (more flexible)

male pelvis

• heart shaped, narrow pelvic inlet

• triangular angle of pubic arch

• sacrum/coccyx is curved (less flexible)

what genders pelvis is this?

male

what genders pelvis is this?

female

what bone is this?

os coxae

A

anterior superior iliac spine

B

anterior inferior iliac spine

C

arcuate line

D

superior pubic ramus

E

obturator foramen

F

inferior pubic ramus

G

inferior ischial ramus

H

ischial tuberosity

I

superior ischial ramus

J

lesser sciatic notch

K

ischial spine

L

greater sciatic notch

M

posterior inferior iliac spine

N

auricular surface

O

posterior superior iliac spine

P

articular surface

Q

iliac crest

R

iliac fossa

label the medial side of the os coxa

• anterior superior iliac spine

• anterior inferior iliac spine

• arcuate line

• superior pubic ramus

• obturator foramen

• inferior pubic ramus

• inferior ischial ramus

• ischial tuberosity

• superior ischial ramus

• lesser sciatic notch

• ischial spine

• greater sciatic notch

• posterior inferior iliac spine

• auricular surface

• posterior superior iliac spine

• articular surface

• iliac crest

• iliac fossa

A

posterior superior iliac spine

B

posterior inferior iliac spine

C

greater sciatic notch

D

ischial spine

E

lesser sciatic notch

F

ischial tuberosity

G

obturator foramen

H

inferior pubic ramus

I

superior pubic ramus

J

acetabular notch

K

acetabulum

L

lunate surface

M

anterior inferior iliac spine

N

anterior superior iliac spine

O

iliac crest

label the lateral side of the os coxae

• posterior superior iliac spine

• posterior inferior iliac spine

• greater sciatic notch

• ischial spine

• lesser sciatic notch

• ischial tuberosity

• obturator foramen

• inferior pubic ramus

• superior pubic ramus

• acetabular notch

• acetabulum

• lunate surface

• anterior inferior iliac spine

• anterior superior iliac spine

how to identify left/right os coxae

socket out laterally, boney butt (back)

what bone is this?

femur

A

greater trochanter

B

head

C

fovea

D

neck

E

intertrochanteric line

F

intertrochanteric crest

G

lesser trochanter

H

pectineal line

I

gluteal tuberosity

J

linea aspera

K

body

L

medial supracondylar line

M

lateral supracondylar line

N

popliteal surface

O

medial epicondyle

P

medial condyle

Q

lateral epicondyle

R

lateral condyle

S

patellar groove

T

intercondylar fossa

label the femur

• greater trochanter

• head

• fovea

• neck

• intertrochanteric line

• intertrochanteric crest

• lesser trochanter

• pectineal line

• gluteal tuberosity

• linea aspera

• body

• medial supracondylar line

• lateral supracondylar line

• popliteal surface

• medial epicondyle

• medial condyle

• lateral epicondyle

• lateral condyle

• patellar groove

• intercondylar fossa

how to tell the difference between left and right femur?

head faces medially, front is smooth

what bone is this?

patella

A

anterior surface

B

posterior surface

C

medial facet

D

lateral facet

label the patella

• anterior surface

• posterior surface

• medial facet

• lateral facet

medial vs lateral facet

medial goes up like a hill, lateral goes down

what bones are these?

tibia and fibula

A

intercondylar eminence

B

medial condyle

C

lateral condyle

D

head

E

tibial tuberosity

F

anterior crest

G

medial malleolus

H

lateral malleolus

I

fibular notch

label the tibia and fibula

• intercondylar eminence

• medial condyle

• lateral condyle

• head

• tibial tuberosity

• anterior crest

• medial malleolus

• lateral malleolus

• fibular notch

how to know if the tibia is left or right

medial malleolus facing middle, lateral condyle facing side

what part of the foot is this?

phalanges

B

distal phalanx

C

middle phalanx

D

proximal phalanx

label the phalanges

• distal phalanx

• middle phalanx

• proximal phalanx

what part of the foot is this?

metatarsals

A

I

B

II

C

III

D

IV

E

V

label the metatarsals

• I

• II

• III

• IV

• V

what part of the foot is this?

tarsals

A

medial cuneiform

B

intermediate cuneiform