Confirmatory Tests + Management

24H Ambulatory pH Monitoring

Confirmatory Test for GERD

Nissen Funduplication

Surgical management for GERD

Esophageal Manometry

Confirmatory diagnostic test for Achalasia

Pneumatic Balloon Dilation Therapy

Nonsurgical management for Achalasia

Heller Miotomy

Surgical management for Achalasia

Esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD)

Confirmatory test for Peptic Ulcer Disease

1. Vagotomy (cuts a part of the vagus nerve to reduce acid secretion)

2. Antrectomy (Billroth 1 & Billroth 2)

Surgical management for Peptic Ulcer Disease

Liver Biopsy

Confirmatory test for Liver Cirrhosis

Asterixis

Hallmark Sign of Liver Cirrhosis