Chapter 2:Properties of Materials, 2.4:Simple and giant structures

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Last updated 7:08 AM on 9/22/26
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23 Terms

1
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What is a simple molecular structure?
A structure made of small separate molecules
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What holds the atoms together inside a simple molecule?
Strong covalent bonds
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What forces act between simple molecules?
Weak intermolecular forces
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Why do simple molecular substances usually have low melting and boiling points?
Only weak intermolecular forces need to be overcome
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What is a giant structure?
A structure containing a very large number of atoms or ions joined together
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What is a giant ionic structure?
A regular lattice of positive and negative ions held together by strong electrostatic forces
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Why do ionic substances have high melting and boiling points?
Strong electrostatic forces hold the ions together
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When can ionic substances conduct electricity?
When molten or dissolved in water
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Why can molten ionic substances conduct electricity?
Their ions are free to move
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Why can solid ionic substances not conduct electricity?
Their ions cannot move freely
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What is a giant covalent structure?
A large network of atoms joined by strong covalent bonds
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Why do giant covalent structures usually have high melting points?
Many strong covalent bonds must be broken
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What is diamond made of?
Carbon atoms
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How many covalent bonds does each carbon atom form in diamond?
Four
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Why is diamond very hard?
Each carbon atom is strongly bonded to four other carbon atoms in a rigid 3D structure
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What is graphite made of?
Carbon atoms
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How many covalent bonds does each carbon atom form in graphite?
Three
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How are the carbon atoms arranged in graphite?
In layers
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Why is graphite soft?
The layers can slide over each other because weak forces act between them
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Why can graphite conduct electricity?
It has electrons that can move through the layers
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Why does diamond not conduct electricity?
It has no electrons that are free to move
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What is the main difference between diamond and graphite?
They have different structures and bonding arrangements even though both are made of carbon
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What determines the properties of a substance?
Its structure and bonding