Polyatomic Ions

A set of vocabulary flashcards mapping common polyatomic ions to their chemical formulas based on the reference chart.

Hydronium

Polyatomic ion with the chemical formula $H_3O^+$

Cyanide

Polyatomic ion with the chemical formula $CN^-$

Oxalate

Polyatomic ion with the chemical formula $C_2O_4^{2-}$

Nitrite

Polyatomic ion with the chemical formula $NO_2^-$

Sulfite

Polyatomic ion with the chemical formula $SO_3^{2-}$

Phosphite

Polyatomic ion with the chemical formula $PO_3^{3-}$

Hypochlorite

Polyatomic ion with the chemical formula $ClO^-$

Chlorate

Polyatomic ion with the chemical formula $ClO_3^-$

Permanganate

Polyatomic ion with the chemical formula $MnO_4^-$

Chromate

Polyatomic ion with the chemical formula $CrO_4^{2-}$

Dichromate

Polyatomic ion with the chemical formula $Cr_2O_7^{2-}$

Ammonium

Polyatomic ion with the chemical formula $NH_4^+$

Hydroxide

Polyatomic ion with the chemical formula $OH^-$

Carbonate

Polyatomic ion with the chemical formula $CO_3^{2-}$

Nitrate

Polyatomic ion with the chemical formula $NO_3^-$

Sulfate

Polyatomic ion with the chemical formula $SO_4^{2-}$

Phosphate

Polyatomic ion with the chemical formula $PO_4^{3-}$

Chlorite

Polyatomic ion with the chemical formula $ClO_2^-$

Perchlorate

Polyatomic ion with the chemical formula $ClO_4^-$

Acetate

Polyatomic ion with the chemical formulas $C_2H_3O_2^-$ or $CH_3COO^-$ or $CH_3CO_2^-$

J.J. Thomson

Conducted the Cathode Ray Experiment (plum pudding model), discovered negatively charged electrons, and measured the charge-to-mass ratio of the electron.

Ernest Rutherford

Conducted the Gold Foil Sheet Experiment and discovered the positively charged atomic nucleus (protons at the center).

Robert Millikan

Conducted the Oil Droplet Experiment, discovered the charge on the electron, and calculated its mass.

James Chadwick

Conducted the Vacuum Pump Experiment (atomic disintegration) and discovered neutrons.

John Dalton

Formulated Dalton's Atomic Theory, stating that elements are made of atoms, atoms of an element are identical, atoms combine in whole-number ratios to form compounds, and chemical reactions reorganize atoms without creating or destroying them.

Kelvin and Celsius Conversion

The formula converting between Kelvin and Celsius: $K = {}^\circ\text{C} + 273.15$ or ${}^\circ\text{C} = K - 273.15$

Standard Pressure Unit Conversions

The equivalences for standard atmospheric pressure: $1\,\text{atm} = 101,325\,\text{Pa} = 760\,\text{torr} = 14.7\,\text{psi}$

Kelvin and Celsius Conversion

The formula converting between Kelvin and Celsius: $K = {}^\circ\text{C} + 273.15$ or ${}^\circ\text{C} = K - 273.15$

Standard Pressure Unit Conversions

The equivalences for standard atmospheric pressure: $1\,\text{atm} = 101,325\,\text{Pa} = 760\,\text{torr} = 14.7\,\text{psi}$