Honors Physics Unit 2: Waves & Sounds
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36 Terms
mechanical waves
waves of matter
waves carry ____ but not _____
energy, matter
waves originate from a source of
oscillation
wave pulse
single wave bump
continuous / periodic waves
our source is continuously oscillating
wavelength
distance between wave crests
period
one crest to the next (or trough)
frequency
oscillations, per unit time - determined by the source of oscillation
wave speed
speed at which the crests propagate or move
transverse wave
direction of propagation is perpendicular to the direction of oscillation
longitudinal wave
direction of propagation and direction of oscillation are parallel
wave speed os dependent on
what the wave is moving through (the medium)
energy of a mechanical wave is
proportional to the square of the amplitude
power
the rate at which energy changes or transfers
intensity
as the wave spreads out, lower intensity
as r doubles,
I x 1/4
as r triples
I x 1/9
waves ___ interact with boundaries
can
reflection
wave bounces off boundary and back into the medium
a fixed end
an inverted reflected wave (pulse)
a loose end
reflected wave has some orientation as incident wave
the angle of incidence (measured from the normal)
equal to the angle of reflection
transmission
wave passes into the boundary
transmitted wave has a new
wave speed
transmitted wave has new wave speed and new
wavelength based on the change in speed
transmitted wave has the same
frequency as the incident wave
interferance
interaction of two waves in the same region of space
principle of superstition
the resultant displacement of interfering waves is the algebraic sum if the separate displacements
constructive interference
waves going toward each other on top
destructive interference
waves going toward each other on opposite sides (one on top one on bottom)
antinode
max
node
not moving
in phase is _______ interference
constructive
out of phase is ________ interference
destructive
the doppler effect
perceived change in frequency of a wave due to relative motion between the source of the wave and the observer
decibels (dB)
sound levels