401 Unit 1: Review of Cardiac Anatomy and Function

which of the following most accurately describes the function of the cardiovascular system?

a. oxygenate blood before being sent to systemic tissue

b. deliver oxygen and nutrients to tissue

c. filter and dispose of wastes in the blood

d. absorption of nutrients for use in the body

b. deliver oxygen and nutrients to tissue

the apex, located at the fifth intercostal space on the left midclavicular line is also known as the ______________________

point of maximum impulse

the ____________ is the innermost layer lining the heart and valves

a. endocardium

b. myocardium

c. epicardium

d. pericardium

a. endocardium

the ___________ is the thickest, middle layer of the heart composed of fibers responsible for the pumping action of the heart

a. endocardium

b. myocardium

c. epicardium

d. pericardium

b. myocardium

the______________ is the outermost, serous layer protecting the heart

a. endocardium

b. myocardium

c. epicardium

d. pericardium

c. epicardium

the ______________ is a protective sac around the heart containing serous fluid to allow smooth movement

a. endocardium

b. myocardium

c. epicardium

d. pericardium

d. pericardium

the _____________ has the thickest muscular wall because it is responsible for pumping blood systemically through the body

a. right ventricle

b. right atrium

c. left ventricle

d. left atrium

c. left ventricle

the (left/right) side of the heart is responsible for pumping oxygenated blood to the body

left

the (left/right) side of the heart is responsible for pumping deoxygenated blood to the lungs

right

true or false: the ventricles receive blood returning to the heart from the lungs (left) or the body (right)

false - the atria receive blood coming into the heart, ventricles receive blood from the atria

what are the two atrioventricular valves?

a. mitral

b. tricuspid

c. pulmonic

d. aortic

a. mitral

b. tricuspid

which of the following most accurately describes the role of the mitral valve?

a. separates the right atria from the right ventricle

b. separates the left atria from the left ventricle

c. separates the right ventricle from the pulmonic artery

d. separates the left ventricle from the aorta

a. separates the right atria from the right ventricle

which of the following most accurately describes the role of the tricuspid valve?

a. separates the right atria from the right ventricle

b. separates the left atria from the left ventricle

c. separates the right ventricle from the pulmonic artery

d. separates the left ventricle from the aorta

b. separates the left ventricle from the aorta

which of the following most accurately describes the role of the pulmonic valve?

a. separates the right atria from the right ventricle

b. separates the left atria from the left ventricle

c. separates the right ventricle from the pulmonic artery

d. separates the left ventricle from the aorta

c. separates the right ventricle from the pulmonic artery

which of the following most accurately describes the role of the aortic valve?

a. separates the right atria from the right ventricle

b. separates the left atria from the left ventricle

c. separates the right ventricle from the pulmonic artery

d. separates the left ventricle from the aorta

d. separates the left ventricle from the aorta

the ___________ node is the pacemaker of the heart, located in the right atrium

a. sinoatrial

b. atrioventricular

c. bundle of His

d. perkinje fibers

a. sinoatrial

which node is the secondary pacemaker of the heart if the primary node fails?

a. sinoatrial

b. atrioventricular

c. bundle of His

d. perkinje fibers

b. atrioventricular

(systole/diastole) is the contraction and ejection phase of the heart

systole

(systole/diastole) is the relaxation and refilling phase of the heart

diastole

which of the following describes cardiac output?

a. total amount of blood ejected from the entire heart

b. degree of ventricular stretching at the end of diastole when blood volume is highest

c. resistence/pressure the ventricle must overcome to eject blood to peripheral circulation

d. force generated by the myocardium during contraction

a. total amount of blood ejected from the entire heart

how is cardiac output calculated?

stroke volume x heart rate

what is the expected cardiac output of a healthy adult?

5-6 L/min

which of the following describes preload?

a. total amount of blood ejected from the entire heart

b. degree of ventricular stretching at the end of diastole when blood volume is highest

c. resistence/pressure the ventricle must overcome to eject blood to peripheral circulation

d. force generated by the myocardium during contraction

b. degree of ventricular stretching at the end of diastole when blood volume is highest

which of the following describes after load?

a. total amount of blood ejected from the entire heart

b. degree of ventricular stretching at the end of diastole when blood volume is highest

c. resistence/pressure the ventricle must overcome to eject blood to peripheral circulation

d. force generated by the myocardium during contraction

c. resistance/pressure the ventricle must overcome to eject blood to peripheral circulation

which of the following describes contractility?

a. total amount of blood ejected from the entire heart

b. degree of ventricular stretching at the end of diastole when blood volume is highest

c. resistence/pressure the ventricle must overcome to eject blood to peripheral circulation

d. force generated by the myocardium during contraction

d. force generated by the myocardium during contraction

true or false: stroke volume is the amount of blood ejected from one ventricle

true