Exam

conservation of angular momentum

When object is airborne, no external force acts on it, therefore no change of angular momentum.

Motor skill on influencing pariticpaiton and perfomance

Active recovery

Passive recvoery

La

Lactate tolerance improving perfimance

Netwons 2nd law

Accel of an object of constant mass is proportional to the force acting upion it. Ie. F=MxA

Food fuels

Error correction

provide feedback and staretgies to improve performance

Imrpove reliability +straetgy

Must be able to replicate with consistently accurate results.

-Same warmup, same time of day

Psychology purpose of conducting fitness test

Motivation levels, atheltes

Physioloigcal purpsoes of conducting fitness test

Current fitness, replicates sport, health conditons

Psychological skills for enahcned perfoamnce

-Confidence

-Motivation

-Optimal levels of arosual

-Concentration

decreasing arousal (controlled breathing)

-SLow and controlling breathing to relelase tnesion and anxiety before or during perfomamce

Decreasing arousal ( stress inoculation training)

-Athelte is exposed to increasing levels of stress, building up to levels similar during a compeititon or game.

Increasing arousal

Elevated breathing, mental imagey, positive self-talk, act enegertic, warmup

Mental imagery

VIsualise successful performance priror to carrying it out threough use of senses.

-use as many senses as possiible to create more vivid picture of perfoamcne and strrengthen neural pathways important in the co-ordination.

Mental imagery link to perfomance

-Builds confidence, providing a mental template as the athlete visualises the successful movement.

o Enhances concentration by focusing the athlete on the correct cues, eliminates distractions

o Improves neural pathways between the brain and muscles allowing for smoother technique.

o Assists athlete to reach optimal arousal

Confidence def +strategy

-Bleive in ability to exceute a task sucessfully.

-visualisation, positive self-talk

Motivation staretgies

Goal setting, smarter goals

concentration strategies

-Controlled breathing, mental imagery

Prep (QMA)

identify purpose of the observation and key perfomacne criteria

Conservation of momentum

Total momentum remains constant in midair or when two bodies collide

Summation of monentum 5 principles

-activate stronger and larger muscles first

-Use as many body parts as possible-enable froce to be generated over a longer peeriod of time

-Transfer momentum from one body part to another when at max vleocity (travels from legs, core…)

-Presence of stable base for max accel of body parts so momentum can be transferred sucessfuly from one body part to another

-Ensure follow through to prevent unecessary decel of body parts

Knolwedge of results

Refers to a specific task outcome rather than quality of movement

Knowledge of perfomance

Refers to movement quality or how well a skill is performed

Constraints

Linear approaches to leanring (direct approach)

-Occurs through rpetiion and drill based practices

-Isolated skill rpactice with limited/or no game like scenarios

COnstraints based approach adv

Replicates game environment

-Greater development of deciison making skills

Direct approach adv

-More rapid learning of the skill

-Greater emphasis on technique

Direct approach disadv

-Low challenge leading to boredom

-Less transfer to game environmnts

Forms of motion (linear)

All parts move in the same direction in the same time over the same distance.

-Downhill skier, ice skater

Angular motion

Motion is about a fixed point or axis, all parts travel through the same angle in the same direciton in the same time

-Gymnast, diver

Active recovery + adv

-Exercise performed at low intensity.

Return body systems to resting state: active muscle pump prevents venous pooling an increase venous return.  Increased blood flow to working muscles also asissts removal of by-products

Activity analysis

Used to determine the physical requirements of the

activity.

Major fitness components, energy system contribution requirements, major muscle groups and major skills

Balance fitness component def

Maintain dynamic or static equillibrium

Lab test

Conducted in a lab with specialsied equipment.

-Most accurate, usually a direct measure

-Expensive

Field

-COnducted in team/group settings

-Cheap

-Provides predicted measure

-Allows for simultaensou testing

Direct test

Provides immediate measure of fitness component (Eg.vo2 max test)

-Highly accurate

-Individualsied

-Done in labs

-Expensive

Indirect (most field tests are indirect)

-Provides predicted result

-Less accurate

-More practical with large groups

Eg. Yo-yo test

Submaximal

Only used for aerobic power rests

-Eg. use hr to predict vo2

Maximal tet

Only used for aerobic power tests

-Eg. vo2 max

Accuracy +how to acheive this protocol

Degree to which a test result is close to true value being measured

-calibrating equipment, using specialised technology (timing gates to decrease human error), increased pariticpant udnerstanding

Validity + how to achieve this protocol

Extent to which a test measures what it is intended to measure

-Duraiton and intensity of test, fitness component alignment

Reliability

Ability of a test to porudce consistent and repeatable results over multiple attempts.

-Same equipment, same warmup, same testing order

Why monitor and record training

enables modifications and decisions to be made such as when to implement progression and variety.

LIP

-Final baalncing point where lactate accumulation and lactate removal from the blood are equalk.

-Occurs aove submax intensites, for trained ahteltes it can be 85-90% max hr

Lactate tolerance

Ability to tolerate more H+ ions increasing the buffering capapcity and therefore rely upon anaerobic glyoclysis to a greater extent.

Chronic adaptions LIP

Increased oxidative cpacity-increased oxidative enzyme actiivty

-Increased

Concentration

maintain attentional focus/elimiante distractions

stress inocualtion training

type of data

skill frequency, movement patterna, heart rate, work to rest ratio

data collection

gps, hr monitors …..

PAR Q

determine safety or possible risks of exercising based on your health history, current sytmpoms and risk facotes.

informed consent

Explnataion of the tests, potential risks and benefits as well as confidentiality processes and signaure of the pariticapnt/parents if udner 18 years.

-Aims to minimsie the risk of harm to pariticpant and test administrator

accuracy

relaibiltiy

Be able to be replciated with cosnsitently accurate results.

-Same warmup, same recovery period between tests, same sequence of tests

Data collection methods (direct observation) adv and disadv

Provides immediate info on intensity of effort, frequency of skill peromance, muscle group use.

-Is very practical as doesn’t require any specialsit equipment and is quick

Disadv: subjective and due to speed of game has low accuracy

Data collection methods (digital recording)

-Highly reliable objective measure as video can be replayed

-can be expesnive

Types of data collected

skill frequency tables, movement patterns, heart rates, w:r ratios

coaching practices (Constraints based approach)

EMpahsis on learner directed and discvoert learning with active problem solving. Movement vairability and manipulation of envrionemnt

Direct based apporoach to coaching and insturciton

Emphasis on insutrcotr directed. Explict insturction. Rigid set movement patterns with stable envrionemnt

3rd class levers

Mechancial advanateg of less than 1 and therefore amplfiy speed and range of mtoion..

aerobic power

maximum rate of aerobic atp production

informed consentt

Ensures participants understand the purpose,

procedures, risks and benefits of a fitness test or activity

and voluntarily agree to participate

Monitoring training (phsyuological)

Hr, muscle soreness, energy levels

Monitoring training (pscyholgpoical)

Confidence, mtoviaiton, session goals

Moinitoring trianign (scoiologicla)

Training aprtner, lcoation, weather, time

Training principles

Frequency, intensity, time/duration, type

-Progression, sepcificity, oidnviiduality, diminsihing retruns, vatriety, maitnencance, tapering, overtraining, detraining

Training methods for aerobic

Continous, fartlek, long intertval, HIIT, circuit trining, weights/resitance (muscualr endruance)

trianing methods for anaeorbic

-short and itnermeidate interval, ressitance (musucualr strenght and power), plyometrics, circuit

Increased lip (increased oxidative capcpity)

-Increase in oxidative capciry enables increasd ability to break down fats and carbs aerobically, therefore higher lip.