FUNSURV MIDTERMS EG

v= x -x̄

Residual Deviation

PEs = 0.6745√[Σ v²/(n-1)]

Probable Error of Single Observation

PEm = ±0.6745√[Σ v²/n(n-1)]

Probable Error of the Mean

SD = ±√[Σ v²/(n-1)

Standard Deviation

SE = ±√[Σ v²/n(n-1)] or SD/√n

Standard Error

x̄ = Σ v/Σ n

Most Probable Value

We=k/E² , W1/W2=E1/E2 , W1E1²=W2E2

Weights

Most Probable Value with Weighted Values

MPV = [Σ(x•W)]/ΣW

No. Of Trials/No. Of Measurements

Weight of Error

Weight of Error/ΣWeight of Error

Weighted Value

Weighted Value x Error

Correction (Weights)

Mean no. Of Pace = Σpaces/No. Of Trials

Mean no. Of Pace

PF = length/Mean no. Of Paces

Pace Factor

Mean no. Of Paces (Pace Factor)

Paced Distance

[(taped distance-measured distance)/taped distance]

Relative Precision

%E = Relative Precision (100%)

Percentage Error

Tape/Measured Length - Nominal Length

Correction or Error

Cl = correction(ML/NL)

Correction to be applied

CL = ML ± Cl

Corrected Length

CT = k(T2-T1)NL

Temperature Correction per Tape Length

CT = k(T2-T1)ML

Total Temperature Correction

(P2-P1)L/AE

Pull Correction

A = W/(L)Unit Weight

Cross Sectional Area

w²L³/24P²

Sag Correction

Cs = h²/25

Slope Correction

Hi = S -Cs

Horizontal Corrected Distances (slope)