ELECTRICAL

Biomass

all solid materials from plants and animals which energy may be extracted.

Geothermal Energy

heat energy of the earth.

Hydropower

force of moving water from rivers and water reservoirs.

Ocean Power

energy from the currents and waves.

Two-way currents

caused by ocean tides.

One-way currents

ocean water flowing like rivers.

Solar Energy

heat energy provided by the sun

Wind Power

energy from the force of the wind.

Coal Energy

energy derived from burning coals, a rock mostly made of carbon element.

Nuclear Energy

energy trapped inside the atom, the same with the principle of producing energy by heat.

Natural Gas

energy from methane, a combination of hydrogen and carbon, formed when organic matters are trapped beneath the sedimentary layers of the earth.

Electricity

is a form of energy resulting from the existence of charged particles (such as electrons & protons).

Alternating Current (AC)

the flow of electrons changes alternately. It goes positive, and then it goes negative, and so on as a cycle. It reverses direction 120 times per second, or 60 cycles per second – called 60 hertz power.

Direct Current (DC)

- the flow of electron in a conductor is only in one direction. It flows from negative pole, through a device, and on the positive pole.

Static Electricity

electricity at rest, the buildup of electric charge on the surface of objects. Electricity produced by friction

Dynamic Electricity

the flow of electric charge, also known as electric current. It also known as electricity in motion.

Circuit

is the complete flow of current through a conductor or path from the source to the load and back to the source. It is the continuous flow of current.

Source

it provides electrical power to the circuit. Ex. Cell or battery, generators.

Load

electrical device (appliances) connected to the circuit that consumes electricity or power.

Control/Switch

a device that turns the current ON and OFF.

Path

a conductor composed of 2 or more lines that provide passage for the current from the source to the load.

Series Circuit

Loads are connected end to end along the path of current in a single closed loop. Current is the same throughout the circuit

Parallel Circuit

Loads are connected side by side across the path of the current. Current in each branch is independent from each other, when branch or load opens, the other load will still function.

George Simoun Ohm

discovered the relationships of voltage, current and resistance in a circuit.

Directly proportional to voltage

Increase in voltage will result to increase in current

Inversely proportional to resistance

Increase in resistance will result to a decrease in current

Breaker

an automatically operated electrical switch designed to protect electrical circuit caused by overload or short circuit.

20 amp

for convenience outlets (general purpose)

15 amp

for lighting fixtures

30 amp

for heavy duty appliance outlets (SPO) such as ref and aircon.

60 amp

for main breaker

Overload

when the total current flowing in the circuit is more than the capacity of the conductor.

Short Circuit

when insulated conductors from line 1 and line 2 of a circuit come into contact with each other without passing any load, or when the resistance of the load becomes unnecessary low.

Grounded circuit

when one uninsulated conductor touches the metal part of an appliance. It causes voltage drain, and electrocution when touch by uninsulated individual.

Open circuit

when the flow of the current is incomplete. When circuit is switched off.

Closed circuit

when the flow of current is complete. When circuit is switched on.

Ohm meter

test for resistance

Ammeter

test for current

Voltmeter

test for voltage