101: Lec 11
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13 Terms
What part of the pancreas secretes hormones?
Islets of Langerhan
In a fed state, what are the levels of glucose, insulin, and glucagon?
BGL are high, causing a spike in insulin and a drop in glucagon
Why does glucagon drop exactly when insulin increases?
The secretion of insulin suppresses glucagon
How many amino acids is glucagon and what cells secrete it?
29 amino acids long, alpha cells in pancreas
How does glucagon raise BGL?
How many amino acids is insulin and what cells secrete it?
51 amino acids long, and beta cells in pancreas
How does insulin lower BGL?
What are the other effects of insulin?
Where does insulin mainly promote glycogen storage?
Liver and skeletal muscle
Describe the whole process of insulin release
When BGL are high, GLUT2 on pancreatic beta cells allows glucose into the cell. This glucose undergoes glycolysis to make lots of ATP. The ATP binds to a potassium channel, causing Ca2+ to enter the cell and cause depolarization. This pushes insulin-filled vesicles out.
What do 80% of diabetics die from?
Heart failure
Type I diabetes
Type II diabetes
