2.2 Head + neck muscle actions + O I A (LAB)

insertions and origins added

Frontalis (part of epicranius)

O: galea aponeurotica
I: skin of eyebrows

A: Raises Eyebrows

Orbicularis oculi (eyelid)

O: frontal maxilla

I: tissue of eyelid

A: Closes eyes

Corrugator supercili

O: arch frontal bone

I: skin of eyebrow

A: wrinkles forehead

Ciliary

FUNCTION NOT NEEDED

Galea aponeurotica ‐ An Aponeuroses (tendon)

ACTION NOT NEEDED

Occipitalis (part of epicranius)

O: occipital

I: Galea aponeurotica

A: Pulls Scalp Posteriorly

temporal fascia

ACTION NOT NEEDED

temporalis

O: temporal fossa

I: coronoid process of mandible

A: closes jaw

Levator labii superioris

O: zygomatic bone

I: skin of upper lips

A: elevates upper lips (superior lips)

Levator anguli oris

O: zygomatic bone

I: muscle of lips

A: elevates angle of mouth

Zygomaticus minor + major

O: zygomatic bone

I: skin and muscle at the corner of mouth

A: Raise lips / smiling

Masseter

O: zygomatic arch

I: angle + ramus of mandible

A: Closes Jaw (chewing muscle)

Risorius

O: masseter fascia

I: skin at angle of mouth

A: Draws lips laterally (also smiling muscle)

Mentalis

O: mandible

I: skin of chin

A: Wrinkles chin

Depressor labii inferioris

O: body of mandible

I: skin of lower lip

A: Draws lip inferiorly

Depressor anguli oris (Trangularis)

O: body of mandible

I: muscle at angle of mouth

A: lower angle of the mouth

Orbicularis oris

O: maxilla + mandible

I: muscle that encircles mouth

A: Closes lips

Buccinator

O: maxilla + mandible

i: orbicularis oris

A: Whistling (also holds food in mastication)

Medial pterygoid 

O: sphenoid bone

I: medial surface mandible

A: mastication muscle

lateral pterygoid

O: greater wing of sphenoid bone

I: condylar process mandible

A: mastication muscle

Mylohyoid

O: medial surface of mandible

I: hyoid

A: elevates hyoid

Digastric

O: mandible

I: hyoid

A: elevates hyoid

Stylohyoid

O: styloid process

I: hyoid

A: elevates Hyoid

sternohyoid

O: Manubrium

I: hyoid

A: depresses hyoid

Sternothyroid

O: Manubrium

I: thyroid cartilage of larynx

A: depresses hyoid

Thyrohyoid

O: thyroid cartilage

I: hyoid

A: depresses hyoid

Omohyoid

O: scapula

I: hyoid

A: depresses hyoid

sternocleidomastoid (Sternal and clavicular)

O: manubrium

I: mastoid process

A: flexes neck

platysma

O: chest fascia

I: lower margin of mandible

A: tenses skin of neck

Levator scapulae

O: transverse process C1-4

I: scapula

A: flexes neck

scalenes - middle + anterior

O: cervical transverse processes

I: anterolaterally ribs 1-2

A: flex neck

trapezius

O: spinous process C7

I: scapula

A: extend head

splenius capitis

O: spinous process C7

I: mastoid process

A: extend head

Semispinalis capitis

O: transverse process C7

I: occipital bone

A: extend head