The Skeletal System

This set of flashcards covers key terms and definitions related to the skeletal system, its functions, and components.

Skeletal System

The system in the human body consisting of bones that provides structure, support, and protection.

Vertebral Column

The series of vertebrae extending from the skull to the lower back, protecting the spinal cord.

Cranium

The skull that encases the brain.

Mandible

The jawbone, commonly known as the lower jaw.

Fracture

A break in a bone that can range from a small crack to a complete break.

Dislocation

When the bones at a joint are pulled apart or misaligned.

Synovial Joint

A type of joint that provides the greatest range of motion in the body, such as ball-and-socket and hinge joints.

Cartilage

A flexible connective tissue found at the ends of bones that absorbs shock and prevents bone rubbing.

Tendon

Tissue that connects muscle to bone.

Ligament

Tissue that connects bone to bone.

Long Bones

Bones that support the weight of the body and allow for movement, e.g., femur.

Flat Bones

Bones that protect internal organs, e.g., pelvis, skull.

Irregular Bones

Bones with varied shapes that help protect internal organs, e.g., vertebrae.

Minerals

Nutrients like calcium and phosphorus necessary for bone health.

Hinge Joint

A joint that allows movement similar to door hinges, e.g., elbow and knee.

Ball-and-Socket Joint

A joint that allows a full range of motion, e.g., shoulder and hip.

Blood Cells

Cells produced by bone marrow, including red and white blood cells.

Synovial Fluid

A lubricant secreted by the synovial membrane that reduces friction in joints.

Protective Function

One of the roles of the skeleton to shield vital organs from damage.

Pelvis

The structure of bones at the base of the spine that supports the body's weight and protects reproductive organs.