AP Lang Active Verbs and Foundational "Tools"

allegory

symbolically represent abstractions or concepts

anaphora

same expression repeated multiple times

antecedent

phrase referred to by pronoun

apostrophe

when speaker refers to imagined or absent thing

aphorism

terse statement of general truth or morals

chiasmus

putting inversion of phrase after phrase for effect

colloquial

using informal tone to relate to audience

diction

style and choices of author

connotation

IMPLIED meaning

homily

serious talk

invective

strong abusive and attacking language

metonymy

"substitute name" used for a subject example "the White House" for "president"

parallelism

structural similarity between phrases to create organization

pedantic

academic tone

zeugma

using modifiers for multiple things that only make sense for one example weeping eyes and hearts

wit

quick and creative perception to articulate an answer

pose

bring up something for consideration

introduce

make something known to reader

express idea indirectly

insinuate

give special prominence to

feature

bring particular attention to

focus on

support claim with evidence

corroborate

contend

state something is true or fact

two synonyms for contend

claim and assert

to make more clear

elucidate

another great synonym for elucidate

clarify

two words for opposing a point or something

refute and counter

two words for acknowledge begrudgingly

admit and concede

to tell a story

recount

three words for deemphasizing something

discount, disregard, minimize

to disrespect and criticize in a condescending manner

disparage

what is another way of saying “to make stuff feel equal“

to equate

what is difference between equate and compare

compare is when things are only similar

to represent something or someone in an artistic work

portray

to state and summarize main qualities

characterize