2f. Respiration and 2g. Gas exchange in Humans- yr10

Define respiration

the chemical process that takes place in our cells, to break down glucose to release energy.

State 2 types of respiration

Aerobic Respiration

Anaerobic Respiration

State the equation for aerobic respiration in humans

oxygen + glucose → carbon dioxide + water

State the equation for anaerobic respiration in humans

glucose → lactic acid

Anaerobic respiration for plants/fungi

glucose → ethanol + carbon dioxide (+ATP)

What colour is hydrogen carbonate indicator at atmospheric levels of Co2?

orange

What colour is hydrogen carbonate indicator when Co2 is at a low concentration?

purple/pink

What colour is hydrogen carbonate indicator when there is a high concentration of Co2?

yellow

State the order oxygen travels through your respiratory system

nose+mouth → trachea → bronchi → bronchioles → air sacs (alveoli) → capillaries

Name the organelle of the cell that carries out aerobic respiration

mitochondria

State the location within the cell where Anaerobic respiration occurs

cytoplasm

State two processes that require energy from respiration, in order to occur

-muscle contraction

-active transport of nitrate ions/ other mineral ions from soil water into plant root hair cells

How does having many alveoli in the lungs increase the rate of gas exchange?

Increases the surface area of the organism

How does ventilation of the lungs increase the rate of gas exchange?

it maintains a steep concentration gradient

Name the type of blood vessel that passes right under the alveolus?

capillaries

What substance turns from clear to milky when carbon dioxide is added to it?

limewater

What is an indicator?

A substance that detects pH

What happens to the diaphragm when you inhale?

It contracts and flattens

What happens to the diaphragm when you exhale?

It relaxes and returns to its dome shape

What happens to the thorax during inhalation?

The volume increases and the air pressure decreases

What happens to the thorax during exhalation?

The volume decreases and the air pressure increases