L6: airway devices

1

beveled tip

2

murphy eye

3

cuff

4

internal diameter

5

length of tube

6

15 mm connector

7

pilot balloon

what is the function of the pilot ballon?

used to inflate or deflate the cuff

what is the function of the sealing valve?

make sure air used to inflate the cuff stays in and prevents leakage

what si the function of the cuff?

to seal the trachea

what is the function of the murphy eye?

prevents obstruction of patient’s airway if distal opening of ET tube is blocked

what is the function of the bevel?

provides visualization when tube is being entered into trachea

what is the function of the endotracheal tube connector?

attaches the ET tube to the breathing system, mechanical ventilator tubing, or an ambu bag

what are the materials that can be used for ET tubes?

1. silicone

2. PVC

3. red rubber

what is the most common material used for ET tubes?

PVC

why does the cuff of the ET tube need to create a seal in the trachea?

1. prevent inhalant anesthetic and gas leakage

2. prevent aspiration of gastric contents into lungs

what presure range do we set the cuff of an ET tube to prevent leaks?

20-30 cmH20

what happens if the cuff on an ET tube is overinflated?

mucosa of trachea damaged → ischemia, stenosis,, or rupture

what happens if the cuff on an ET tube is underinflated?

1. leak of inhalant agents

2. risk of aspiration gastric content

what structure do we need to not obstruct when we lube the cuff of the ET tube?

Murphy’s eye

what are the two types of ET cuffs?

1. low volume, high pressure cuff

2. high volume, low pressure cuff

what type of cuff of the ET tube is preferred?

high-volume, low pressure cuff

how do we determine the length of the ET tube?

measure from incisors to thoracic inlet

what happens if the ET tube is too long?

1. endobronchial intubation

2. mechanical dead space

where is mechanical dead space?

from Y-piece in rebreathing systems to incisors

which animals are prone to larygospasms?

1. cats

2. rabbits

3. pigs

4. camelids

how can we reduce the risk of laryngospasm?

1. use larygoscope

2. have appropriate anesthesia depth

3. desensitive larynx with lidocaine

what are the advantages of uncuffed ET tubes?

less risk of tracheal damage or overinflation of cuff

what are the disadvantages of uncuffed ET tubes?

no proper sealing

what are the indications to use a Cole ET tube?

1. avian

2. reptiles

3. very small pediatric patients

what are the advantages of the armored ET tube?

prevents occulsion during extreme patient neck positioning

what is the disadvantage of the armored ET tube?

bigger outer diameter

what type of ET tube is shown?

armored ET tube

what type of ET tube is shown?

cole ET tube

what type of ET tube is shown?

uncuffed ET tube

where are supraglottic airway devices placed?

on top of the larynx DOES NOT enter trachea

what animals can we use supraglottic airway devices in?

1. rabbits (recommended)

2. cats

3. dogs

what is important to know for supraglottic airway devices?

for short procedures only

what type of ET tube is shown?

supraglottic airway device

what is an oxygen face mask not recommended for?

1. anesthesia induction

2. maintenance or recovery of inhalant anesthesia

what animals may we use an anesthesia induction chamber in?

1. small mammals

2. exotics

3. angry cats

what are the parts of a larygoscope?

1. bulb

2. handle

3. blade