Physical Education: History, Rules, Etiquette, and Specifications of Bowling

Comprehensive vocabulary flashcards covering the history, governing organizations, Philippine bowling champions, safety and etiquette rules, and equipment specifications of bowling.

Sir Flinders Petrie

The British anthropologist who discovered the earliest archaeological evidence of bowling in Egypt dating to around $3200\text{ B.C.}$, consisting of stone balls and nine stone pins in a child's grave site.

Lignum vitae

A dense tropical hardwood that replaced stone bowling balls in the 1300s, coinciding with bowling lanes transitioning from hard-packed earth to wooden planks.

Ninepin

A popular early bowling game played in Manhattan starting in 1840; legal bans targeting it due to gambling prompted the invention of tenpin bowling.

American Bowling Congress (ABC)

The organization established on September 8, 1895, to standardize bowling rules and equipment worldwide, hosting its first national tournament in Chicago in 1901.

Women's International Bowling Congress (WIBC)

The women's bowling governing body formed on November 30, 1916, originally founded under the name Women's National Bowling Association.

Evertrue

The first hard rubber bowling ball, manufactured and introduced by the American Hard Rubber Co. in 1905.

Mineralite

The hard rubber bowling ball manufactured and released by Brunswick in 1914.

Pinboys

Workers who manually cleared and reset bowling pins between frames prior to the introduction of automatic pinsetter machines in 1951.

United States Bowling Congress (USBC)

The governing body formed in 2005, which evolved from the USTBF (formed in 1989) and USA Bowling (renamed in 1993).

Olivia "Bong" Coo

A Philippine 4-time world bowling champion, USBC Certified Coach, PSC Commissioner, and former PBF President who initiated Physical Education in Tenpin Bowling in the Philippines.

Federation Internationale des Quilleurs (FIQ)

The international organization that organized world bowling championships starting in 1954 before merging with the WTBA in December 2015 to create World Bowling.

International Bowling Federation (IBF)

The world governing body for Ninepin, Tenpin, and Para-Bowling recognized by the IOC and IPC, renamed from World Bowling on November 2, 2020.

Asian Bowling Federation (ABF)

The regional amateur governing body (formerly FIQ-WTBA Asian Zone) comprising member federations from 28 countries across western Asia, Asia, and the Pacific Rim.

Philippine Bowling Congress (PBC)

The former national governing body formed in 1966 when Eugenio "Gene" Puyat registered its Articles of Incorporation, succeeding the 1965 Philippine Bowling Association.

Philippine Bowling Federation (PBF)

The national sports association for Tenpin Bowling officially adopted by the Philippines in 2016, originally established by the late Ernesto "Toti" Lopa.

Paeng Nepomuceno

A Philippine bowler who secured his 4th world title at the 1996 World Cup in Belfast, inducted into the International Bowling Hall of Fame and Museum in 1993 and the Philippine Sports Hall of Fame in 2018.

Lita de la Rosa

A Philippine bowler who won her 4th world title at the 1979 World Championships in Manila, inducted posthumously into the IBHFM in 2001 and into the Philippine Sports Hall of Fame in 2018.

Arianne Cerdena

The Philippine bowler who won an Olympic gold medal at the 1988 Olympic Games in Seoul, Korea, when bowling was featured as an exhibition sport.

Right-of-Way Etiquette

The fundamental bowling rule requiring a bowler to yield to the bowler on their right, staying off the approach and outside the adjoining bowler's field of vision.

Body English

Physical post-delivery body motions or reactions that a bowler must maintain strictly within their own lane area to avoid drifting into adjacent lanes.

Ball Return Safety Procedure

The safety technique of grasping the ball from both sides with two hands without inserting fingers or thumb, avoiding reaching into the return opening or mechanism.

Bowling Ball Weight Regulations

The standard required weight limits for bowling balls, specified as a minimum of $6\text{ Lbs.}$ and a maximum of $16\text{ Lbs.}$.

Bowling Ball Imbalance Tolerances

The maximum permissible weight asymmetry limits for bowling balls, defined as $3\text{ oz.}$ of top weight and $1\text{ oz.}$ of side weight.

Bowling Pin Height and Weight

Regulation pin dimensions requiring a standing height of $15\text{ inches}$ and an allowable weight between $3\text{ Lbs. } 6\text{ oz.}$ and $3\text{ Lbs. } 10\text{ oz.}$.

Bowling Pin Diameters

The official thickness specifications of a bowling pin, measuring $2\frac{1}{4}\text{ inches}$ at the base and $5\text{ inches}$ at the belly.

Foul Line to Headpin Distance

The official playing lane distance measuring exactly $60\text{ feet}$ from the foul line to the center of pin number 1.

Target Arrows

A configuration of 7 directional arrows located $15\text{ feet}$ past the foul line, spaced 5 boards apart across the lane.

20th Board

The exact center board of a 39-board bowling lane, marked by the center approach dot and the 4th (middle) target arrow.

Locator Dots

Three sets of 7 approach dots placed $1\text{ to } 2\text{ inches}$ ($1^{\text{st}}$ set), $12\text{ feet}$ ($2^{\text{nd}}$ set), and $15\text{ feet}$ ($3^{\text{rd}}$ set) from the foul line.

Bowling Lane Wood Materials

The wood composition of a traditional lane, utilizing maple for the approach, pin deck, and lane head, and pine from about $16\text{ feet}$ beyond the foul line to approximately a foot before pin number 1.

6 Lbs

Bowling Ball minimum weight

16 Lbs

Bowling Ball maximum weight

8 ½ inches

Bowling Ball diameter

27 inches

Bowling Ball circumference

3 oz (maximum)

Bowling Ball top weight

1 oz (maximum)

Bowling Ball side weight

15 inches

Bowling Pins height

3 lbs. 6 oz. to 3 lbs. 10 oz.

Bowling Pins weight

2 ¼ inches

Bowling Pins diameter (base)

5 inches

Bowling Pins diameter (belly)

not less than 15 feet (length)

Bowling Lanes Approach

60 feet away from the foul line to the center of pin number 1 (headpin)

Bowling Lanes lane (a)

7 target arrows located 15 feet from the foul line and are 5 boards apart from each other

Bowling Lanes lane (b)

39 boards; 20th board being in the middle and marked by the center dot and 4th (middle) arrow

Bowling Lanes lane (c )

20th board

board in the middle marked by the center dot and 4th (middle) arrow

3 sets of 7 locator dots on the approach area; 1 to 2 inches from the foul line (1st set), 12 feet from the foul line (2nd set), and 15 feet from the foul line (3rd set)

Bowling Lanes lane (d)

3rd set

7 locator dots on the approach area, 15 inches from the foul line

1st set

7 locator dots on the approach area, 1 to 2 inches from the foul line

2nd set

7 locator dots on the approach area, 12 inches from the foul line

locator dots and target arrows are on the same board and are also in line with the outside pins

Bowling Lanes lane (e)

Maple wood

Approach and front-end (head) of the lane including the pin deck

Pine Wood

About 16 feet from the foul line up to about a foot from pin number

synthetic lanes

Combination o wood and synthetic lanes

1. Lita de ka Rosa

2. Olivia “Bong” Coo

3. Paeng Nepomuceno

3 four-time world champions

1. Oliver Ongtawco

2. Arianne Cerdena

3. CJ Suarez

4. Biboy Rivera

5. Chester King

6. Krizziah Tabora

Individual world champions

archaeological evidence in Egypt from 3200 BC

earliest indication about bowling

stone balls and nine stone pins

what was found in the grave site of a child

Sir Flinders Petrie.

British Anthropologist

Religious rites

German clergy and parishioners Bowled as part of

Martin Luther

He once said that it was a great cure for human pride.

America in 1611, Jamestown, Virginia

First record of bowling

American Bowling Congress

ABC

American Bowling Congress (ABC),

the organization destined to standardize the sport throughout the world was formed.

September 8, 1895,

when was American Bowling Congress (ABC), formed

Manhattan 1840

First indoor lane

November 30, 1916

Women's National Bowling Association formation date

Women's International Bowling Congress

what did WNBA turn into

Evertrue

First hard rubber ball by American Hard Rubber Co in 1905

Mineralite

Brunswick followed suit in 1914 with this ball

polyurethane, polyester and polyester resins.

Today’s bowling balls

1951

First automatic pinsetter machine

USOC

United States Bowling Congress

USBC

International Bowling Association

IBA

Federation Internationale des Quilleurs

FIQ

World Tenpin Bowling Association.

WTBA

International Bowling Federation

IBF

IPC

Asian Bowling Federation

ABF

Sheikh Talal Mohammad Al-Sabah,

President of ABF who was also recently elected President of IBF unopposed in the FIQ/WTBA Congresses in Abu Dhabi.

Philippine Amateur Athletic Federation

PAAF

Philip Monserrat

PAAF president who led people to form PBA

Philippine Bowling Congress

PBC, legal status of bowling in the ph

Eugenio “Gene” Puyat

registered its Articles of Incorporation with the Securities and Exchange Commission.

Mr. Steve Hontiveros,

FIQ president from 2002 to 2006

Philippine Bowling Federation.

PBF

PBC

Ernesto "Toti" Lopa

established the PBF before co-founding the PBC.

International Bowling Hall of Fame and Museum

IBHFM