ROM

What is flexion?

Bending a joint and decreasing its angle.

What is extension?

Straightening a joint and increasing its angle.

What is hyperextension?

Extending a joint beyond its anatomical neutral position.

What is abduction?

Moving away from the body's midline.

What is adduction?

Moving toward the body's midline.

What is rotation?

Turning a body part around its axis.

What is circumduction?

Moving a limb in a circular, cone-shaped pattern.

What is elevation?

Moving a body part upward.

What is depression?

Moving a body part downward.

What is dorsiflexion?

Moving the top of the foot toward the shin.

What is plantar flexion?

Pointing the foot downward.

What is active ROM?

Movement produced using your own muscles.

What is passive ROM?

Movement produced with help from an outside force or another person.