Science Term 1 - Macleans College Year 10 2026 (10SCI)

Atoms

Building blocks of matter

Valence Shells

Outermost electron shell

Nucleus

Has protons and neutrons

Mass of an atom

Atomic number

Mass of a Proton

1

Mass of a Neutron

1

Mass of an Electron

-1 (1/2000)

Atoms charges are

Neutral

Number of protons are equal to..

Electrons

Calculate Neutrons

mass number - atomic number

Mass number

Bottom number

Atomic number

Top number (or top left)

Two or more elements chemically bonded together

Compound

Made up with one atom

Element

Two or more elements not chemically bonded together

Mixture

Round mass number to the...

Nearest whole number

Elements are...

A pure substance

Horizontal rows on the periodic table are called...

Periods

Vertical rows on the periodic table are called...

Groups

Elements in the same group have...

Similar properties

Elements in the same group have the same number of..

Electrons

Metals are found on the...

Left side of the periodic table

Non-metals are found on the...

Right side of the periodic table

Group 1

Alkali Metals

Group 2

Alkaline Earth Metals

Groups 3-12

Transition Metals

Groups 17

Halogens

Groups 18

Noble gases

Electron arrangements are...

2,8,8,8.....

Non metals have a ... charge

Negative

Metals have a .... charge

Postitive

Anions

Negative charged ions (-1)

Cations

Positive charged ions (+1)

Polyatomic ions

Multiple atoms (ends with -ate)

Negative monoatomic ions

Non-metals (end with -ide)

Postitive monoatomic ions

Metals + Hydrogen (same element name)

Word equations

Reactant + Reactant --> Products

Cations lose or gain electrons?

Lose

Anions lose or gain electrons?

Gain

Molecule

A group of atoms chemically bonded together

Balancing Symbol Equations

There must be the same number of atoms on both sides of the equation.

Diatomic elements

H, N, O, F, Cl, Br, I

Balance out - Al + O2 --> al2o3

4Al + 3O2 --> 2al2o3

Balance out - Na + Cl2 --> NaCl

2na + cl2 --> 2NaCL