Organelles present in both animal and plant cells

Cell surface membrane

A selectively permeable lipid bilayer that controls the movement of substances in and out of the cell.

Nucleus

The membrane-bound organelle that houses genetic material (DNA) and controls cellular activities.

Nuclear envelope

The double membrane structure that surrounds and protects the contents of the nucleus.

Nuclear pore

A protein-lined channel in the nuclear envelope that regulates transport between the nucleus and cytoplasm.

Chromatin

A complex of DNA and proteins found inside the nucleus that condenses to form chromosomes.

Nucleolus

A dense region within the nucleus responsible for producing and assembling ribosomal subunits.

Cytoplasm

The gel-like fluid inside the cell membrane that houses organelles and serves as the site for metabolic reactions.

Mitochondria

The powerhouses of the cell where aerobic respiration takes place to generate ATP energy.

Golgi apparatus

A system of flattened membranes that modifies, sorts, and packages proteins and lipids for transport.

Smooth ER

A network of membranes responsible for lipid synthesis, carbohydrate metabolism, and detoxification.

Rough ER

A ribosome-studded membrane network involved in the synthesis, folding, and transport of proteins.

Ribosomes

Small complexes of RNA and protein that carry out protein synthesis by translating genetic codes.

Microtubules

Hollow tubulin protein filaments that provide structural support, assist in cell division, and guide transport.

MTOCs

Microtubule-Organizing Centers; structures that nucleate, anchor, and organize the cell's microtubule network.