Horticulture exam 3

Plant diseases that attack only a specific weed are being developed. An example is a type of rust that affects only the skeleton weed. (T/F)

TRUE

Neem seed oil can kill pests such as whiteflies, aphids, mealybugs, and lace  bugs.  (T/F)

TRUE

Biological pest controls almost always poison the environment. (T/F)

FALSE

Always start with _______ as the first step in pest control.

Non Chemical

_____ lives naturally within a plant and secretes a gas that stops the growth of plant pests.

Endophytes

_____ protects against rust and powdery mildew.

Neem seed oil

Monitoring to detect the pest problem is done by regular _____ .

Inspection

Some plants secrete chemicals that _____.

Inhibit the growth and defend against predators

It is best to apply chemicals on a sunny windy day. (T/F)

FALSE

Nematocides kill nematodes (tiny hairlike worms that feed on the leaves of plants).

FALSE

Inhalation toxicity is measured in LD. (T/F)

FALSE

Molluscicide is used and applied as bait to kill slugs. (T/F)

True

What are the first safety precautions to follow before beginning the application of a pesticide?

Read the label warnings

Chronic toxicity is a danger caused by chemicals that accumulate in _____.

The body

_____, rather than herbicides, may be used for weed control to minimize the use of harsh chemicals

Mulch

Areas treated with chemicals carrying a "Danger—Poison" signal word should not be reentered _____.

For 48 hrs / until thoroughly dry and ventilated

Because many pesticides can be poisonous to humans and the environment the U.S. _____

Environmental Protection Agency

Select well-drained soils to protect against root diseases. (T/F)

TRUE

Nematodes live in the soil and swim in soil water to move from plant to plant. (T/F)

TRUE

The difference between the application of fungicides and insecticides is in the timing. (T/F)

TRUE

Rodenticides are most commonly killed as stomach poisons. (T/F)

TRUE

_______ is a biological fungicide.

Neem Oil

Fungus disease can attack a plant’s _____.

Leaves, stems, roots, flowers and fruits.

Most fungus diseases grow best in _____.

Warm, humid environments with high moisture.

_________ is a chemical used to control snails and slugs.

Molluscicide

Fungi are tiny nongreen plants that lack _____ and live as parasites on green plants.

Chlorophyll

Adding soil bacteria and compost helps control root rot, plus adding _____ in the soil protects the root system.

Actinovate

Most weeds are killed more easily when they are young and in active growth. (T/F)

True

If an herbicide stays in the soil for one year or more, it may kill or damage the crop planted in that soil the following year or later in the same season.  (T/F)

TRUE

Generally plants defend against diseases by killing their own cells surrounding the killer in dead cells and starving it to death. (T/F)

True

A weed is considered to be a "plant out of place." (T/F)

True

The chemical _____ moves through the plant phloem or bark.

24D (sugar)

A sprayer must be washed out with _____ to neutralize the herbicide before using sprayer for insecticides or fungicides.

Ammonia

The reason(s) herbicides are sometimes ineffective is(are) _____

Using the wrong herbicide, inaccurate weed identification and poor timing of application

For the accurate application of herbicides a sprayer should be properly _________.

Calibrated

Herbicides work by upsetting the plant's _____.

Metabolism

Broadleaf weeds in a cornfield can be killed with a(n) _____ herbicide without damaging the corn.

Selective

The identification of insects is an important step in their control. (T/F)

True

Pesticides can be dangerous though never deadly when used improperly. (T/F)

FALSE

Chewing insects can be identified by holes in the leaves or missing pieces of bark. (T/F)

True

Natural control of insects can be accomplished by using biological and biorational controls. (T/F)

True

Chemicals sprayed on plants poison the insect through the _____.

Stomach

Sucking insects must be controlled with (a) _____.

contact chemical, fumigant systemic

Insects must be killed when they are _____.

Actively Feeding

An example of a fumigant is _____.

Methyl bromide

An example of a contact poison is _____.

Malathion

An example of a systemic poison is _____.

Orthene

The three body regions of an insect are the _____.

Head, thorax, abdomen

_____ is one type of inorganic insecticide used as a fungicide.

Sulfur

_____ is one type of organic insecticide.

Pyrethrin