Golden Age of Islam vocab

Bedouin

A group of nomadic Arabs that lived in deserts

Nomatic

Moving from place to place without settling

Muhammad

Shepherd and Caravan leader in Mecca

Kaaba

A cube of religious shrine-was reclaimed for the Muslims alone, all idols destroyed

5 Pillars

Major beliefs of Islam-pray 5x a day, charity to the poor, the Hajj, fasting, Declaration of Faith (One God)

Hajj

The journey around the Kaaba

Caliph

leaders of the Muslim Community (profit of Muhammad)

Battle of Tours

The Arab Armies pushed North into France but were defeated by the Franks

People of the book

Tolerance of Islamic rule (Christians and Jews or tolerated in the early Muslim Societies, “early incomplete version of Islam”)

Umayyads

Criticized for their wealth and luxury

Abbasids

Moved the Capital of their new empire to Baghdad, built a treasury to keep track of the flow of money

Baghdad

Capital of the Abbasids New Empire

House of Wisdom

A major intellectual center, library and translation Institute in Baghdad during the Golden Ages

Aniconic

Avoiding the use of using animals and humans in art to create space for more symbols

Sunni

The largest branch in Islam, prophet of Muhammad, believes that the caliph doesn't have to be a descendant of Muhammad

Shia

Believed that the caliph should be chosen from Muhammad's family (Ali, Muhammad's cousin)

Jihad

Internal struggle/arm to struggle against non-believers