Transcription

Transcription

The process of copying genetic information from DNA to RNA.

mRNA

Messenger RNA that carries genetic instructions from DNA to the ribosome for translation.

Initiation

The first step of transcription where RNA polymerase binds to the promoter region and unwinds DNA.

Elongation

The stage of transcription where RNA polymerase adds complementary RNA nucleotides to form the mRNA strand.

Termination

The final phase of transcription where transcription stops when RNA polymerase reaches a stop sequence and mRNA detaches.

Splicing

The process in mRNA processing that removes introns (non-coding regions) and joins exons (coding regions).

Polyadenylation

The addition of a poly-A tail to mRNA for protection and aid in export from the nucleus.

Introns

Non-coding regions of RNA that are removed during splicing.

Exons

Coding regions of RNA that are joined together after splicing.

Promoter

The region of DNA where RNA polymerase binds to initiate transcription.

Flow of Genetic Information

The flow of genetic information follows the pattern of DNA → RNA.

Eukaryotic Cells

Cells that have a nucleus; transcription occurs in the nucleus of these cells.