CLCV 207 - Rise of the Polis (city-state)

What years define the Archaic Age in the lecture, the period associated with the rise of the Greek city-state?

700–500 BCE

What term describes the major social and political organization that emerged in Greece during the Archaic Age?

Polis

During what years did intense Greek colonization occur according to the lecture timeline?

750–550 BCE

During what years did hoplite warfare emerge according to the lecture timeline?

700–650 BCE

From approximately what year onward do the notes describe a higher concentration of enslaved people?

600 BCE

What Greek term means self-sufficiency, one of the features expected of a polis?

Autarkeia

What term refers to custom or law within the polis?

Nomos

What term describes equality under the law for male citizens of a polis?

Isonomia

What Greek term in the notes refers to citizens of the polis?

Politeis

What was the Greek term for a league or federation of politically organized allies, contrasted with a polis?

Ethnos

What Greek term means city and refers to the urban part of a polis?

Asty

What Greek term refers to the countryside belonging to a polis?

Chora

What Greek term means community in the polis vocabulary list?

Demos

What Greek term means dwelling together and describes smaller communities joining to form a polis?

Synoikismos

Which legendary figure was credited with uniting Attica through synoikismos?

Theseus

What was the agora used for in a Greek polis?

Marketplace and meetingplace

What does the Greek term acropolis literally mean?

High city

What did the Greek term metropolis mean in the context of colonization?

Mother city

What was a ktistes in the context of founding a Greek colony?

Founder

Which four categories of people are listed in the lecture’s discussion of citizenship and rights?

Men, women, metics, slaves

What term describes a female city-dweller in the lecture notes?

Aste

What male guardian was required for a woman and could represent her in court?

Kyrios

Despite limits on their rights, what religious offices could women hold in the polis?

Civic priesthoods

What term refers to a household in ancient Greek society?

Oikos

What ancient Greek term means household management or administration?

Oikonomia

What was the Greek term for an individual warrior who fought as a heavily equipped infantryman?

Hoplite

What Greek term referred to the hoplite’s weapon or equipment, as presented in the lecture?

Hoplon

What was the name of the close infantry formation used by hoplites?

Hoplite phalanx

What broader shift from aristocratic heroic combat to massed citizen infantry is called the what?

Hoplite revolution

Which ancestry is associated with Sparta in the lecture notes?

Dorian

What process united Laconia and Messenia in the formation of Sparta as described in the notes?

Synoikismos

How many kings (Basileis) did Sparta have according to the lecture?

Two

What was the name of Sparta’s council?

Gerousia

What were Sparta’s overseers called?

Ephors

Who is named as Sparta’s lawgiver, associated with an unwritten law-code?

Lykourgos

What term refers to Sparta’s neighbors, according to the notes?

Perioikoi

What term refers to the enslaved population of Sparta?

Helots

What was the name of the common dinner shared by male Spartan citizens and youths?

Syssitia

What social background did popular early Greek tyrants often have?

Social elite

What term means being earth-born or indigenous to a land rather than descended from later settlers?

Autochthony

What was the Athenian assembly called in Greek?

Ekklesia

How many archons, or magistrates, did Athens have according to the notes?

Nine

Which Athenian lawgiver around 600 BCE is associated with extremely strict laws?

Draco

What term names Solon’s reform that literally means shaking off the burden?

Seisachtheia

What did Solon’s seisachtheia do to debts, according to the notes?

Forgave debts

What debt-related practice did Solon outlaw to prevent people from being enslaved?

Debt slavery

How many members were on Solon’s Boule according to the lecture?

400

Which Athenian court was staffed by former archons and heard the most important cases?

Areopagos

Which Athenian tyrant took power by force around the period 550–500 BCE?

Peisistratos

Who was the son of Peisistratos and also ruled Athens as a tyrant?

Hippias

Which powerful Athenian aristocratic family is linked to Cleisthenes in the notes?

Alcmaeonids

Whose reforms are identified as leading to democracy in Athens?

Cleisthenes

What were the local units that kept track of eligible male voters under Cleisthenes?

Demoi

How many tribes did Cleisthenes create in Athens?

Ten tribes

What was the Greek term for the ten tribes established by Cleisthenes?

Phylai

How many members were in Cleisthenes’ new Boule?

500

How many generals were included in Cleisthenes’ reforms?

Ten

What electoral problem did Cleisthenes’ reforms aim to prevent by restructuring tribes and demoi?

Local election control

What social connection did Cleisthenes’ reforms foster across Attica?

Bonds of fraternity

What political principle is described as a result of Cleisthenes’ reforms?

Egalitarianism

What principle meaning equality under the law appears again in the results of Cleisthenes’ reforms?

Isonomia

The name for a legislative body of ancient or modern Greece.

Boule