Kinesiology Block 3

Hip joint articulations

Proximal: concave acetabulum of pelvis by ilium, ischium, and pubis bones

Distal: convex head of femur

Hip joint is what type of joint

Triaxial / ball and socket

ADLs can be completed with ____degrees flexion, ____degrees external rotation, and ____degrees abduction

120 / 20 / 20

hemiarthroplasty

iliotibial (IT) band syndrome

angle of inclination

ankylosing spondylitis

hip precautions

incontinence

head, arms, and trunk (HAT)

anterior pelvic tilt

hip fracture

anterior and posterior pelvis tilt are in what plane

sagittal plane

lateral pelvic tilt is in what plane

frontal plane

pelvic rotation is in what plane

transverse plane

Ipsidirectional lumbopelvic rhythm

The pelvis and lumbar spine rotate in the same direction.

Contradirectional lumbopelvic rhythm

The pelvis rotates in one direction while the lumbar spine simultaneously rotates in the opposite direction.

Anterior pelvic tilt must be accompanied by ______________

extension

posterior pelvic tilt will require _____________of the lumbar spine

flexion

Function of hip flexors

Function primarily as mobility muscles to bring the leg forward during open kinematic chain reactions

what muscle is the most important hip flexor

Iliopsoas

Hip flexor muscles

Iliopsoas, Rectus femoris, Tensor Fascia Lata, Sartorius

Actions of Iliopsoas

hip flexion

Rectus femoris

Flexes hip and extends the knee

Tensor Fascia Lata actions

Flexes and abducts the femur at the hip.

Also an internal rotator.

Sartorius actions

Flexes, abducts, and externally rotates the hip, and flexes the knee

Hip extensors

Gluteus Maximus, Hamstrings

Gluteus maximus actions

strong hip extensor and a lateral (external) rotator

Hamstrings actions

Extend the hip and flex the knee

Hip Adductors

Superficial Layer:

-Pectineus

-Adductor longus

-Gracilis

Middle Layer:

-Adductor brevis

Deep Layer

-Adductor Magnus

what do the hip abductors do

Function to abduct the hip during open chain kinematic chain reactions.

pelvic floor (diaphragm)

pelvic obliquity

pelvic organ prolapse

pelvic rotation

pelvic tilt

posterior pelvic tilt

sciatica

total hip arthroplasty (THA)

Pelvic obliquity

frontal plane position

one side of the pelvis is superior or inferior in relation to another

Primary hip abductor muscles

gluteus medius

gluteus minimus

tensor fasciae latae

Trendelenburg

a gait pattern involving excessive contralateral dropping of the pelvis on the swing side leg associated w/ weakness of gluteus medius.

how do you test for trendelenburg

ask the patient to stand in single-limb support over the suspected weak hip

Lateral rotator muscles (deep six)

Obturator internus

Obturator externus

Gemellus superior

Gemellus inferior

Quadratus femoris

Piriformis

piriformis syndrome

A shortened, thickened, or “tight” piriformis may compress and irritate the sciatic nerve

Sciatica

Sa set of symptoms that occur when the sciatic nerve is irritated, compressed, or inflamed

No muscles are prime medial rotators but which ones contribute

Ant. fibers of gluteus medius & minimus, and tensor fascia latae, Adductor longus and brevis, and pectineus

Hip arthroplasty

(replacement) – often d/t osteoarthritis that causes severe pain or immobility

Total hip arthroplasty (THA)

involves replacing the femoral head and acetabulum.