IB BIO DNA Replication Flashcards

These are my IB Biology DNA Replication Flashcards

Topoisomerase (step)

1st step in DNA replication

Helicase (step)

2nd step of DNA repilcation

Primase (step)

3rd step in DNA replication

Polymerase III (step)

4th step of DNA replication

Polymerase I

5th step of DNA replication

Ligase (step)

6th step of DNA replication

Telemerose

7th step of DNA replication

Topoisomerase

unwids the DNA and recoils the DNA after replication

Helicase

unzips the DNA by breaking down hydrogen bonds between bases

Primase

Tells DNA Polymerase I+III where to start using RNA primer

DNA Polymerase III

attaches complementary bases to the DNA strand and proofreads

DNA Poly I

cuts out RNA nucleotides and replaces DNA nucleotides

Ligase

glues together the okazaki fragments of the lagging strands

Telemerose

adds a protective tip of nonsense NDA to the end of the DNA protects from getting shorter)

Leading strand

easily and quickly replicated in one continuous piece torwards replication fork

Lagging strand

slower and discontinuous since it has to be replicated 5’ to 3’ still doesn’t match

SSB protein (single stranded binding proteins)

holds DNA open

Late G2 phase

DNA Duplicates

1. Prophase

Spindle fibers begin to form, nucleus is condensed,

2. Prometaphase

nuclear envelope disintegrates

3.Metaphase

chromosomes line up, spindle fibers connect to each centrosome

4. Anaphase

sister chromatids separate completely and are pulled to opposite poles of the cell

Telophase

nucleus reforms, chromosomes decondense

Cytokinesis

cell splits