enzymes 2nd exam

Energonic

increase of free energy; non spontaneous

exogenic

results in decrease of free energy; spontaneous

energetic coupling

makes the chemical rxn that needs to occur in cells possibleby using the energy from a spontaneous reaction to drive a non-spontaneous reaction, allowing cells to perform work.

are spontaneous rxns fast?

No

1st reason why spontaneous rxns (exogenic) arent fast?

1) spatial orientation : reactants move around the interior of an organlle @ random, & even @ small volumes its unlikely for reactants to bump into eachother in the precise orientation required for old bonds to break and form new bonds

2nd reason why spontaneous rxns (exogenic) arent fast

2) activation energy : reacting substances are less stable than before the rxn started (free energy spikes)

free energy

total energy avaliable to do work

enzyme

protein that speeds up (catalyzes) a rxn

will the structure of an enzyme change or remain the same?

same

how does an enzyme cataylze a particular rxn?

it’s shape, size, and chemical composition of the active site

do enzymes decrease or increase the activationn energy threshold

decrease

do enzymes impact the free energy of reactants/prod

no

do enzymes influence the rate of spontaneous, nonspontaneous, or both rxns.

only influences the rate of spontaneous rxns bc nonspontaneous rxns cant occur at all.