EPC Exam #2

Soss, Fording, Sanford

Disciplining the poor, neoliberalism

Schneider, Ingram

Social Constructions of target populations (Deviants, dependents, advantaged, contenders)

Weaver

Frontlash, Punitive crime policy & civil rights

Kingdon

Three streams: policy, politics, problem

Lowande

Symbolic actions that communicate policy

Howell & Moe

Asymmetric & Symmetric

Rudalevige

Coordination between presidents & agencies

Yackee

Politics & interest groups influence agency rule making

Bolton & Thrower

Congressional capacity & constraining presidential power

Arnold

How legislators consider reelction

Policymaking capacity

Congress's ability to develop, evaluate, and enact policies.

Resource Capacity

The resources Congress has available to carry out its policymaking responsibilities, including staff, expertise, information, and institutional support.

Think pieces

issue identification that the executive delegates

Non sequitors

Policies that appear robust but do very little

Basket bets

Very robust policies that do a lot but are extremely hard to pass

Policy entreprenuers

Coupling the streams

Framing

shapes how the public and policymakers interpret a problem and which solutions they consider appropriate

Vantage Point

The perspective of a political actor when evaluating a target population, particularly whether that group has enough political power to help or hurt them

Incrementalism

A policymaking strategy that favors small, gradual changes rather than comprehensive reform

Veto Points

Places in the policymaking process where a proposed policy can be blocked, making it more difficult to pass legislation or enact change

Heresthetic Power

The president's ability to structure the political agenda and available choices so that Congress is forced to react to the president's actions

Crisis

Creates opportunities for dominant ideas to radically shift

Mayhews three reelection activities

Credit-claiming, position-taking, advertising

Fenno’s homestyle

Building trust with communities to gain policy leeway

Arnolds traceability

how easily can a policy effect be traced back to the policy/who passed it

Attentive

Interest groups

Inattentive

Citizens

What makes policy effects traceable

Magnitude, timing, proximity, instigators