Phil Exam 3 Flashcards

Partition

divided India and Pakistan, 1947

Arundhati Roy

The Doctor (Ambedkar) and the Saint (Gandhi)

Ambedkar POV:

-caste is built into hinduism, justice requires destruction of caste system

Village Swaraj

self-sufficient, casteless

The doctrine of swadeshi

-support neighbors before looking externally

Gandhi metaphor of pyramid

centralized, oppressive social and political hierarchies that Gandhi rejected

Gandhi Oceanic Circle

society should not be a pyramid where the apex is sustained by the bottom, but rather an "oceanic circle" with the individual at the center

• "ever-widening, never-ascending circles" rooted in the individual and self-governing villages (Village Swaraj)

The Analects

Confucius’ sayings

Confucius golden rule

Do not do unto others what you do not wish to have done unto yourself

Li

 ritual propriety

Ren

• humaneness

• the quality of being a morally developed person

Good Life

total fulfillment of connections

Ritual

totalistic, everything is accompanied by ritual, even body movements

Confucian idea of happiness

not individual, but a collective phenomenon relating to harmony

one word for golden rule

reciprocity

Arete

virtue

Ergon

function

phronesis

practical wisdom

Aristotle virtue theory

character, not rules

• Become a good person and you will do good things

Aristotle golden mean

sweet spot between vices

• Also Golden Ratio

• Not deficient, but not in excess

Eudaimonia

human flourishing = a life of striving / improving 

Habituation

how people develop virtues

• We are not born with them, we develop them by repeatedly practicing them

Ousia

essence as form

• What makes a thing what it is

• Used to justify oppression (by others)

UN SDSN

a global initiative launched in 2012 by former UN Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon and directed by economist Jeffrey Sach

He-Yin Zhen

critiques confucianism

• Early chinese feminist

• Yin and yang concept of marriage= problematic