Major Bones (anaphy)

Protects the brain and houses sensory organs. It consists of the cranium and facial bones, with the cranium being a rigid, enclosed structure.

Skull

The lower jawbone. It is the only movable bone in the skull and forms the chin.

Mandible

small, U-shaped bone located at the front of the neck

hyoid bone

Individual bones that form the vertebral column (spine). They protect the spinal cord and support the head and trunk. Each typically features a vertebral body, vertebral arch, and several processes for muscle attachment and articulation.

Vertebral column

Twelve pairs of curved bones that form the thoracic cage, articulating with the thoracic vertebrae posteriorly and the sternum (directly or indirectly) anteriorly. They protect internal organs like the heart and lungs.

Ribs

The breastbone, a flat bone located in the central part of the chest. It connects to the ribs via cartilage, forming the anterior part of the rib cage.

Sternum

The collarbone, an S-shaped long bone connecting the sternum to the scapula. It forms part of the pectoral girdle, providing support for the shoulder.

Clavicle

The shoulder blade, a large triangular flat bone located on the posterior side of the rib cage. It articulates with the humerus and clavicle, forming part of the pectoral girdle.

Scapula

The long bone of the upper arm. It articulates proximally with the scapula at the shoulder joint and distally with the ulna and radius at the elbow joint.

Humerus

One of the two long bones in the forearm, located on the medial side (pinky finger side). It forms a major part of the elbow joint with the humerus.

Ulna

One of the two long bones in the forearm, located on the lateral side (thumb side). It allows for rotation of the forearm and hand at the wrist joint.

Radius

Eight small, irregularly shaped bones of the wrist, arranged in two rows. They provide flexibility and movement to the hand.

Carpals

The five long bones that form the palm of the hand. They connect the carpals to the phalanges of the fingers.

Metacarpals

The bones of the fingers. There are two phalanges in the thumb (proximal and distal) and three in each of the other four fingers (proximal, middle, and distal).

Phalanges (Hand)

A large, irregular bone forming the hip bone. It is composed of three fused bones: the ilium, ischium, and pubis. It connects the axial skeleton to the lower limbs.

hip bone

large, triangular bone located at the base of the spine that forms the back wall of the pelvic cavity

sacrum

the small, triangular-shaped final segment of the vertebral column located just below the sacrum

coccyx

The thigh bone, which is the longest and strongest bone in the human body. It articulates proximally with the hip bone and distally with the patella and tibia.

Femur

The kneecap, a sesamoid bone embedded within the quadriceps tendon. It protects the knee joint and improves the leverage of the quadriceps muscle.

Patella

The shin bone, which is the larger and medial bone of the lower leg. It bears most of the body's weight from the femur down to the ankle.

Tibia

The calf bone, a slender bone located on the lateral side of the tibia in the lower leg. It provides muscle attachment sites and helps stabilize the ankle joint.

Fibula

Seven bones that make up the ankle and upper foot. Key bones include the talus (which articulates with the tibia and fibula) and the calcaneus (heel bone).

Tarsals

The five long bones that form the midfoot. They connect the tarsals to the phalanges of the toes.

Metatarsals

The bones of the toes. There are two phalanges in the big toe (proximal and distal) and three in each of the other four toes (proximal, middle, and distal).

Phalanges (Foot)