Chapter 3-CHN

Primary Health Care (PHC)

Essential health care that is practical, scientifically sound, and socially acceptable, focusing on universal accessibility and community participation. Aims to bring health services closer to individuals and communities, focusing on promoting health, curing diseases, and providing rehabilitation.

Health for All

Alma Ata Declaration aimed for?

September 12, 1978

WHO unveiled PHC on what date?

Kazakhstan

The Alma Ata conference was held in?

1. Reducing social disparities in health,

2. Organizing health services around people's needs,

3. Integrating health into all sectors,

4. Pursuing collaborative policy dialogue

5. Increasing stakeholder participation.

Five key elements of PHC

1. Education about prevailing health problems

2. Prevention and control of locally endemic diseases,

3. Provision of essential drugs

4. Maternal and child health care

5. Expanded immunization

6. Promotion of food supply and proper nutrition,

7. Treatment of common diseases and injuries,

8. Adequate supply of safe water and basic sanitation

Eight Essential Components of Primary Health Care

Community Participation

Involvement of local people in decision-making, planning, and program implementation in health care to address the community's specific needs.

Intersectoral Coordination

Collaboration of various agencies beyond the health sector to improve health outcomes, addressing sectors like education, agriculture, and public works.

Intrasectoral

Means collaboration within the health sector.

Intersectoral

Means collaboration between health and other sectors.

Appropriate Technologies

Cost-effective health technologies that are scientifically sound, adaptable to local needs, and maintainable by the community.

Health Accessibility

The distance and travel time required to reach health care facilities, ideally within 30 minutes from the nearest health station.

Health Affordability

Determined by the out-of-pocket expenses that individuals, families, or communities are capable of spending on healthcare services.

Acceptability of Health Care

The compatibility of health care services with the culture and traditions of the population.

Primary Care

Is the initial patient interaction with a health professional, encompassing health promotion, disease prevention, maintenance, counseling, education, and diagnosis and treatment of acute and chronic illnesses across various settings.

Support Mechanism Made Available

These mechanisms are essential in primary health care for making essential health care globally accessible. They incorporate contributions from individuals, government, and private sectors (including NGOs and churches), improving quality of life and offering resilience against various challenges to sustain a strong health care system.

1. accessibility

2. affordability

3. acceptability

4. availability

Factors for PHC

Botika ng Bayan

A program that ensures the availability and accessibility of affordable essential drugs by selling cheaper generic home remedies, over-the-counter drugs, and common antibiotics.

First Contact Accessibility

Serves as a strategic entry point, enhancing access to health services for individuals.

Continuity of Care

Encourages the establishment of long-term relationships between patients and healthcare professionals or teams.

Comprehensiveness

Ensures a wide array of services are available, including promotive, protective, preventive, curative, rehabilitative, and palliative care.

PHC

Focuses on family and community as their client; is promotive and preventive; community-centered; self-reliance; is rural-based satellite clinics; and is for development and preventive care.

Primary Care

Focuses on an individual; is curative and health worker driven; mostly located in urban places; its goal is the absence of disease