APUSH Unit 2

Why was France relatively late in joining the colonies?

It was occupied by wars and religious conflict

What did the Edict of Nantes provide in 1598?

Limited toleration for Huguenots

What settlement did France establish in 1608?

Quebec

Quebec was located overlooking which river?

St. Lawrence River

Who became known as the “Father of New France?”

Samuel de Champlain

Samuel de Champlain developed friendly relations with which Native American Group?

Huron

Why did relatively few French colonists immigrate to North America?

Peasants were too poor and Huguenots were not allowed to leave.

What valuable resource was especially important to New France?

Beaver

French beaver hunters were known as:

Coureurs de bois

What does “coureurs de bois” mean?

Runners of the woods

Which settlement was established by Antoine Cadillac in 1701?

Detroit

Who founded Louisiana in 1682?

Robert de La Salle

France founded Louisiana partly to slow the expansion of:

Spain

What region became known as the “garden” of France’s North American empire?

Illinois county

King William’s War lasted from:

1689-1697

Queen Anne’s war lasted from:

1702-1713

The War of Jenkins’ Ear began after:

An English captain’s ear was cut off

The War of Jenkins’ Ear was mainly confined to:

The Caribbean Sea and Georgia

In 1754, George Washington was sent to the Ohio county by the governor of:

Virginia

Washington was approximately how old when he was sent to the Ohio county?

21

Washington was forced to surrender at:

Fort Necessity

What was the purpose of the Albany Congress in 1754?

To unite the colonies for common leadership and defense

Who published the “Join or Die” cartoon?

Benjamin Franklin

Why did Franklin’s Albany plan fail?

The colonies had little unity and did not want a regional government

Who was known as the “Organizer of Victory” during the French and Indian War?

William Pitt

William Pitt focused British military efforts primarily on capturing:

Quebec and Montreal

The Battle of Quebec took place in:

1759

Montreal fell to the British in:

1760

Under the Treaty of Paris of 1763, Britain ganed:

All of Canada

After the war, France gave Louisiana to:

Spain

What happened to the colonists’ confidence after their new experiences in war?

They became more confident and questioned British invincibility

Pontiac was a chief of which Native American group?

Ottawa

What did the Proclamation of 1763 prohibit?

Settlement beyond the Appalachians

What policy allowed the American colonies to develop with relatively little British interference before 1763?

Salutary Neglect

Under mercantilism, a nation’s wealth was largely measured by its amount of:

Gold and Silver

According to mercantilism, a country should generally:

Export more than it imports

The Navigation Laws were originally aimed largely at:

Dutch shippers

Navigation Laws restricted colonial commerce primarily to:

English ships

What happened to European goods being sent to America under British trade laws?

They had to go through England first

Why did some Americans resort to barter?

Gold and silver were draining out of America

Before 1763, the Navigation Laws were often:

Ignored or weakly enforced

One advantage tobacco planters received under mercantilism was:

A monopoly within the British market

What changed in 1763 that increased colonial resentment

Britain began enforcing mercantilist laws more strictly

What was one major disadvantage of mercantilism for the colonies?

Colonists could not buy, sell, ship, or manufacture for maximum profit

Why was Britain heavily in debt after the Seven Years’ War?

It had spent large amounts fighting the war

Who ordered the Navigation Laws to be more strictly enforced in 1763?

George Grenville

The Sugar Act was passed in:

1764

The Quartering Act required colonists to:

Provide food and quarters to British troops

The Stamp Act was imposed in:

1765

The Stamp Act required stamps on approximately how many types of trade items?

50

Which was covered by the Stamp Act?

Playing Cards

Colonial opponents of British taxation famously argued:

“No taxation without representation!”

What was “virtual representation”?

Parliament claimed to represent all British subjects

In 1765, representatives from how many colonies met at the Stamp Act Congress?

9

What strategy did colonists use to pressure Britain to repeal the Stamp Act?

Boycotting British goods

What was the purpose of non-importation agreements?

To boycott British goods

In 1766, Parliament repealed the Stamp Act put passed the:

Declaratory Act

The Declaratory Act stated that Parliament had the right to:

Bind the colonies in all cases whatsoever

The Townshend Acts were passed in:

1767

Which product was taxed under the Townshend Acts?

Tea

Why was New York’s legislature suspended in 1767?

It refused to comply with the Quartering Act

The Boston Massacre Occured on:

March 5, 1770

The Boston Massacre was used heavily as:

Propaganda against Britain

Who first started local committees of correspondence?

Samuel Adams

Why did the British East India Company have a major problem in 1773?

It had millions of pounds of unsold tea

What happened during the Boston Tea Party?

Colonists dumped tea into Boston Harbor

Approximately how many chests of tea were dumped into the water?

342

The Intolerable Acts were also known as the:

Coercive Acts

What did the Boston Port Act do?

Closed the Harbor until the tea was paid for

What did the Massachusetts Government Act do?

Suspended the legislature

Why was the Quebec Act considered “a good law in bad company”?

It guaranteed Catholicism and preserved French customs but was associated with the Intolerable Acts

Where did the First Continental Congress meet?

Philadelphia

The First Continental Congress was NOT initially calling for:

Independence

The “Shot Heard Round the World” refers to fighting at:

Lexington and Concord

British troops marched toward Lexington and Concord party to capture:

Samuel Adams and John Hancock

The Second Continental Congress met in Philadelphia:

May 1775

Who was selected to command the Continental Army?

George Washington

One political reason Washington was chosen was that he was:

A Virginian leading New England forces

The Battle of Bunker Hill took place in:

June 1775

After Bunker Hill, King George III:

Declared the colonies in open rebellion

What petition did the colonists offer in an attempt to reconcile with Britain?

Olive Branch Petition

The German mercenaries hired by Britain were known as:

Hessians

Why did the American invasion of Canada fail to gain French-Canadian support?

French-Canadians supported the Quebec Act and disliked the anti-Catholic invaders

Who wrote Common Sense?

Thomas Paine

Common Sense was published in:

1776

Thomas Paine argued that America should establish a:

Democratic Republic

Republicanism emphasized that government officials should recieve their power from:

The consent of the people

Who was primarily responsible for drafting the Declaration of Independence?

Thomas Jefferson

The Declaration of Independence was approved on:

July 4, 1776

Patriots supporting rebellion were called:

Whigs

Loyalists supporting king were called:

Tories

Loyalists were generally more numerous where which church was strong?

Anglican Church

After the Declaration of Independence, Patriots sometimes raised money by:

Confiscating Loyalist property

After evacuating Boston, the British focused their operations on:

New York

Washington suffered a major defeat at the:

Battle of Long Island

Washington’s surprise attack on Hessians took place at:

Trenton

After Trenton, Washington defeated a smaller British force at:

Princeton

Burgoyne’s plan in 1777 aimed to capture the:

Hudson River Valley

The British hoped controlling the Hudson River Valley would:

Sever New England from the other colonies

Which victory encouraged France to openly enter the war?

Saratoga