Topic 5 (Alkene mechanisms and Polymers)

for mechanism of (asymmetric) alkene reacting with HBr/HCl, where does H attack to form major product?

- Hydrogen adds/attacks to the carbon atom with more hydrogen atoms

(Markovnikov's law)

(because adding H to the carbon with more hydrogens forms a more stable carbocation, leading to the formation major product)

alkyl groups are _____

alkyl groups are electron giving groups, always gives electron to carbocation

What does the curly arrows shown represent ?

movement of pair of electron from a bond to an atom, forming ion

pi bond from C=C broken and sigma bond from H-H is broken

sigma bond formed between C-H

NOTE:

stability of compound does not determine which product is formed, rather it is the stabitlity of carbocation

what is an electrophile?

a species that can accept a pair of electrons to form covalent bond

The mechanisms shown of ther reaction is an example of what?

electrophilic addition