GeoScience Unit 2 Part 2 Quiz REVIEW

What is the name of the English scientist who developed an understanding of gravity?

Sir Isaac Newton

What did Issac Newton observe to understand gravity?

The motion of the MOON and the ACCELERATION of falling objects.

According to Isaac Newton, two objects attract each other with a __________ that is dependent on what two things?

FORCE that is dependent on MASS and DISTANCE

What is gravity dependent on?

Mass and Distance

What are inner planets called?

Terrestrial Planets

What are the outer planets called?

Jovian Planets

What are the names of the 4 closest planets to the Sun in ORDER?

Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars

What makes Mar’s a red planet?

High iron content that has rusted overtime

Jupiter has a hurricane that has been going on for about 350 years. What do we call this hurricane?

The Great Red Spot

Which planet is the largest in our Solar System?

Jupiter

Is there gravity in space? Explain.

YES! The Sun’s gravity is so strong that it influences the motion of the planets.

If mass increases, what happens to the force of gravity?

As mass increases, gravity increases.

If mass decreases, what happens to the force of gravity?

As mass decreases, gravity decreases.

If distance from the Sun increases, what happens to the strength of gravity?

As the distance from the Sun increases, the strength of gravity decreases.

Compare the gravitational strength of the Sun’s gravity between MERCURY and NEPTUNE.

Mercury = stronger gravity due to its proximity to the Sun

Neptune = weaker gravity due to its greater distance.

If the Moon were to suddenly increase in mass, what would happen to its overall gravity?

The overall gravity would increase, attracting more objects towards it.

If the Sun’s mass decreased, what would happen to the planets in orbit?

The gravitational pull of the Sun would decrease, causing the planets to lose their orbits and potentially drift away.

What happens to the density of most materials when you decrease the temperature?

The density of most materials increases as temperature decreases, since particles move closer together.

What are terrestrial planets made out of? Explain why this is the case.

Solid rock and metal. Rock and metal can withstand the HEAT of the Sun and being so close to it.

What are jovian planets made out of? Explain why this is the case.

Gas and ice. Gas and ice can only form in COOL environments far from the Sun.

What are some other differences between terrestrial and jovian planets besides what they are made out of?

Terrestrial = No rings, smaller in size, and have a solid surface.

Jovian = Have rings, larger in size, and lack a solid surface.