Psych chapter 5: states of conciousness

Stages of sleeping

1. stage 1

2. stage 2

3. stage 3

4. REM

stage 1

rapid, low-amplitude brain waves - wake fullness/sleep only lasts a few minutes

Stage 2

Half of your total sleep - slower regular wave patterns - sleep spindles

Stage 3

deepest stage of sleep - higher peaks low valleys in wave patterns

REM

“rapid eye movement”

dreaming, heart rate increase, blood pressure increase, breathing increase eyes move rapidly - 10% of adult total sleep and major muscles are paralyzed. IF deprived of REM show bad psychological signs

Rebound effect

Deprivation of REM sleep

4 reasons why sleep is important

1. Conserves energy for essential day time activities

2. sleep. restores/replenishes neurons - repairs, and stops release of neurotransmitters called monoamines

3. helps with forgetting - eliminate necessary info

4. promotes physical growth - release of hormones

No definitive reason to why we need sleep - cannot test

3 theories to why we dream

1. unconscious wish fulfillment theory (Freud)

2. Dreams for survival theory

3. Activation-synthesis theory

unconscious wish fulfillment

psychoanalytical explanation in which. dreams represent unconscious wishes. usualyy a rejected theory, but PET scans somewhat support this theory

Dreams for survival

evolutionary explanation in which information relevant to daily survival is reconsidered and reprocessed. permit us to reconsider, reprocess info during sleep.

activation-synthesis

neuroscience explanation, in which dreams are a result of random activation of various memories which are held together in logical story line - focuses on electrical energy that brain produces during REM

Insomnia

difficulty sleeping

sleep apnea

difficulty breathing during sleeping

Night terrors

sudden awakening from non-REM sleep

Narcolepsy

uncontrollable sleeping that happens when for short periods while person is awale - go straight to REM

Sleepwalking

Stage 3 - not much known about why