us history vocabs 2

John Marshall

A virginia statesman who served as Chief Justice of the Supreme Court for 35 years & left a lasting influence on the role of the Court.

Judicial Review

The power for courts to decide the constitutionality (tính hợp hiến) of law

Louisiana Purchase

The acquisition (sự mua lại) of the Louisana Territory, which extended from the Mississippi River to the Rocky Mountains, from France for $15 million

Monroe Doctrine

A declaration in which the US asserted (khẳng định) that the monarchies of Europe had no business meddling (can thiệp vào) with American republics, including those in Latin America

Andrew Jackson

A Tennessee officer & statesman who became famous during the War of 1812 and later served as the 7th president

Nullification

The idea that states could nullify, or void any federal law they deemed unconstitutional

Indian Removal Act

Act passed by Congress in 1830 that allowed the federal government to negotiate land trades with the Native Americans in the southeast

Trail of tears

the forced march of the cherokee indians to move west of the mississippi in the 1830s

Panic of 1837

the start of a prolonged downturn (sự suy thoái kéo dài) in the american economy touched off (châm ngòi) by changes in government policy

Alexis de Tocqueville

A french aristocrat (quý tọc) whose travels in the US in the 1830s, resulted in the publication of democracy in America (ấn phẩm nền dân chủ ở mỹ), an influential analysis of American politics

Industrial revolution

a period in the 7th & 8th centuries when output (sự sản xuất) grew significantly through the use of machine and new methods of production

underground railroads

a system that existed before civil war in which african american & white abolitionists (những ng theo chủ bãi nô) helped people trying to escape enslavement travel to safe areas in the north & in canada

abolitionists

reformers (những ng cải cách) who advocate a complete end to slavery

Frederick douglass

formerly enslaved african american who had been taught to read/write before he escaped north. Became one of the most important voices in the abolitionist movement

Second great awakening

A protestant (đạo tin lành) movement in the early 1800s that increased membership in the evangelical movements (phong trào tinh lành)

lucretia mott

Quaker social reformer (nhà cải cách xã hội) who worked for the abolition of slavery & the expansion of women’s rights

elizabeth cady staton

a leading figure in the american women’s rights movment

delcaration of sentiment

a document created at seneca fall convention in 1848 that demanded equal rights for women

susan b anthony

a women’s rights activist who worked towards gaining the right to vote for women

suffrage

right to vote

manifest destiny

the idea that the US was destined by God to occupy territory spanning from the atlantic to the pacific oceans

sam houston

was a texas military leader & the 1st president of the Republic of Texas

james k. polk

a tennessee statesman who served as the 11th president of the US

treaty of guadelupe hidalgo

the treaty that ended the Mexican-american war; the US acquired territory in the future states of Arizona, california, colorado, new mexico, nevada, utah and wyoming